The reading passage proposes three arguments regarding pterosaurs' disability of powered flight. However, the lecture mentions three pieces of evidence that might cast doubt on the claim.
For starters, in contrast to what the reading suggests, that pterosaurs are cold-blooded animals that cannot generate sufficient energy for powered flight, the lecture points out evidence of fur-like structures, indicating that pterosaurs might actually be warm-blooded creatures. Accordingly, metabolism was accelerated and adequate energy for powered flight was produced.
In addition, opposite to the reading’s argument that the weight of pterosaurs might prevent them from flapping their wings fast enough, the lecture argued that although pterosaurs were considerably large just like the giraffe, the anatomical structure of pterosaurs, for example, their hollow bones, provided them with lightweight compared with their size. Hence, she believes the light weight would probably allow pterosaurs to flap like birds.
As for the reason that muscles of pterosaurs were too small and weak to provide them with enough height and velocity to take off, the professor protests it as follows. Contrast to birds which has just two limps, pterosaurs were helped by two more limps to push themselves. This way, enough power could have been generated for them to take off the ground without any trouble. Also, it exists in other animals.
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The ability to maintain friendships with a small number of people over a long period of time is more important for happiness than the ability to make many new friends easily.Use specific reasons and ex 70
- TPO-32 - Integrated Writing Task Starting in the 1960s and continuing until the 1980s, sailors in Russian submarines patrolling the North Alantic and Arctic Ocean would occasionally hear strange sounds. These underwater noises reminded the submarine crews 85
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The ability to maintain friendships with a small number of people over a long period of time is more important for happiness than the ability to make many new friends easily.Use specific reasons and ex 73
- Summarize the points made in the lecture being sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific points made in the reading passage You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response 3
- TPO-32 - Integrated Writing Task Starting in the 1960s and continuing until the 1980s, sailors in Russian submarines patrolling the North Alantic and Arctic Ocean would occasionally hear strange sounds. These underwater noises reminded the submarine crews 90
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 387, Rule ID: LIGHT_WEIGHT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'lightweight'?
Suggestion: lightweight
...ith their size. Hence, she believes the light weight would probably allow pterosaurs to flap...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, actually, also, hence, however, regarding, so, as for, for example, in addition, in contrast, in contrast to
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1218.0 1373.03311258 89% => OK
No of words: 215.0 270.72406181 79% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.66511627907 5.08290768461 111% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.82921379641 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.71360173883 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 139.0 145.348785872 96% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.646511627907 0.540411800872 120% => OK
syllable_count: 357.3 419.366225166 85% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 96.4141587113 49.2860985944 196% => OK
Chars per sentence: 121.8 110.228320801 110% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.5 21.698381199 99% => OK
Discourse Markers: 12.1 7.06452816374 171% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.403254466884 0.272083759551 148% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.134243232066 0.0996497079465 135% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.080369128631 0.0662205650399 121% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.213424315202 0.162205337803 132% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0690453320048 0.0443174109184 156% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.0 13.3589403974 120% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 41.7 53.8541721854 77% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 11.0289183223 115% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.61 12.2367328918 128% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.53 8.42419426049 113% => OK
difficult_words: 66.0 63.6247240618 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.