Arctic deer live on islands in Canada's arctic regions. They search for food by moving over ice from island to island during the course of the year. Their habitat is limited to areas warm enough to sustain the plants on which they feed and cold enough, at least some of the year, for the ice to cover the sea separating the islands, allowing the deer to travel over it. Unfortunately, according to reports from local hunters, the deer populations are declining. Since these reports coincide with recent global warming trends that have caused the sea ice to melt, we can conclude that the purported decline in deer populations is the result of the deer's being unable to follow their age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea.
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
The argument that the purported decline in deer population is as a result of the deer being unable to follow their age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea is not entirely logically convincing since it ignores certain assumptions.
First, the argument assumes that the sample used in this report is a representative sample. This cannot be confirmed to be true since the argument does not state explicitly how the report was done or the period when the observations were made by the local hunters. It could happen that the time the local hunters made their observations, the deer were in search of food in other islands or were asleep. Also, it could happen that the local hunters were inexperienced and could not tell the difference between Arctic deer and other animals that lives on the island. If these cases are to be true, then the argument is flawed and the conclusion cannot hold.
Second, the argument fails to address how the recent global warming trend which have caused the sea ice to melt correlates with plants on which the arctic deer feed on is not growing. It could also happen that the reports on global warming trend is false and that there are other reasons why the ice will melt. Could it be that the decline in the deer population is as a result of the deer not being able to reproduce and are going extinct owing to a particular incurable disease? Could it be that the decline in population of the deer is as a result of predatory attacks by other animals who feed on them? These are questions that the argument fails to answer, and for which the argument could be flawed and the conclusion cannot hold. In this case, if such scenarios hold, then the argument is flawed and conclusion cannot hold.
Finally, the argument omits the possibility that the decline in the deer’s population could be as a result of the deer having to eat themselves for food. It also unwarrantably connects the recent trend of global warming to the deer being unable to follow their age-old migration patterns if such scenarios hold, then the argument is flawed and conclusion cannot hold.
Thus, the argument is not completely sound. The reasons provided to support the conclusion is not sufficient enough to support the conclusion because the report from the local hunters could be flawed owing to various reasons as explained above.
In conclusion, the argument might have been strengthened if it provided reasons to show that the sample used in the report was a representative, or that the reason for the decline in deer’s population is not restricted to the trend of global warming.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-07-17 | okazaki11 | 72 | view |
| 2022-06-19 | Soumyadip Kar | 53 | view |
| 2022-05-09 | fredrickomoarukhe37@gmail.com | 54 | view |
| 2021-09-18 | Tej | 60 | view |
| 2021-09-15 | Robur_13 | 55 | view |
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 4 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 2 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 448 350
No. of Characters: 2112 1500
No. of Different Words: 163 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.601 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.714 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.517 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 148 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 97 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 60 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 42 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 26.353 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.838 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.765 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.418 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.621 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.168 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 6 5
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, if, second, so, then, thus, in conclusion, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 35.0 19.6327345309 178% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 16.0 12.9520958084 124% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 11.1786427146 107% => OK
Relative clauses : 18.0 13.6137724551 132% => OK
Pronoun: 31.0 28.8173652695 108% => OK
Preposition: 49.0 55.5748502994 88% => OK
Nominalization: 20.0 16.3942115768 122% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2168.0 2260.96107784 96% => OK
No of words: 448.0 441.139720559 102% => OK
Chars per words: 4.83928571429 5.12650576532 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.60065326758 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56968799598 2.78398813304 92% => OK
Unique words: 165.0 204.123752495 81% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.368303571429 0.468620217663 79% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 662.4 705.55239521 94% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 4.96107784431 121% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 26.0 22.8473053892 114% => OK
Sentence length SD: 54.3648446349 57.8364921388 94% => OK
Chars per sentence: 127.529411765 119.503703932 107% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.3529411765 23.324526521 113% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.47058823529 5.70786347227 78% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 8.20758483034 61% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 9.0 6.88822355289 131% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.129088580333 0.218282227539 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0490984023723 0.0743258471296 66% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0493398222019 0.0701772020484 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.067343685274 0.128457276422 52% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0299819054613 0.0628817314937 48% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.5 14.3799401198 101% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.55 48.3550499002 111% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 12.197005988 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.09 12.5979740519 88% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.57 8.32208582834 91% => OK
difficult_words: 75.0 98.500998004 76% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 12.3882235529 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 11.1389221557 111% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.9071856287 126% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.