Arctic deer live on islands in Canada's arctic regions. They search for food by moving over ice from island to island during the course of the year. Their habitat is limited to areas warm enough to sustain the plants on which they feed and cold enough, at least some of the year, for the ice to cover the sea separating the islands, allowing the deer to travel over it. Unfortunately, according to reports from local hunters, the deer populations are declining. Since these reports coincide with recent global warming trends that have caused the sea ice to melt, we can conclude that the purported decline in deer populations is the result of the deer's being unable to follow their age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea.
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
The argument suggests that due to the reports from local hunters and the effect that global warming has on ice, the deer population is declining since they are unable to follow age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea to for food. The argument seems reasonable at first glance, however, there are some specific evidences needed to better evaluate its suggestion. I shall explore in the following essay.
First of all, the argument collect reports from local hunters who believe that the deer population is declining. However, the reports require further examination and more evidences are indispensable. For example, how do local hunters evaluate the number of deer in a specific region? Have they counted every deer in every herd and mark them with a unique number? Also, how far have they reached in a specific region to find deer? Maybe deer can sense danger and they know hunters are coming; therefore, they may manage to escape from them and hunters cannot discover any deer. Consequently, local hunters may consider the population of deer decline since they hardly find one. Thus, without the evidences of how hunters justify their reports, the argument remains fallacious.
Secondly, the argument avers that the population decline coincides the global warming, which is blamed on melting excess ice and therefore, leaving limited habitat area for deer to search for food. However, there are some evidences needed to support this viewpoint. For example, has global warming melted so much ice at once that deer cannot live in these areas? The melting process is slowly and gradually. It doesn’t contribute significant changes overnight. Therefore, deer are possible live in areas where global warming is insidiously affecting. Moreover, the evidences indicating that global warming is affecting areas where deer mainly live in are critical. If the argument cannot provide details on how much ice global warming has melted and how much feeding areas of deer has been vanished, its suggestion is unwarranted.
Finally, the argument believes that deer can no longer follow their age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea so they cannot travel to other places for food and breed the youth. It looks logical, but still, it fails to ensure that deer nowadays take the same route across the ocean. Over millions of years, terrain and climate must have changed dramatically. We cannot guarantee that the old-age route deer once take is the same as it is now. Unless evidences indicates that deer are taking the same route; otherwise the argument is weakened.
To sum up, there are some evidences needed to be included in order strengthen the argument. That is: evidences of hunters’ reports, the real effects that global warming has on deer and their areas as well as if deer take the same route as their ancestors did to travel.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 26 15
No. of Words: 466 350
No. of Characters: 2317 1500
No. of Different Words: 213 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.646 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.972 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.37 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 180 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 130 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 73 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 44 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 17.923 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.494 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.692 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.313 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.495 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.107 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, consequently, finally, first, however, if, look, may, moreover, second, secondly, so, still, then, therefore, thus, well, for example, as well as, first of all, to sum up
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 22.0 19.6327345309 112% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 11.0 12.9520958084 85% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 11.1786427146 107% => OK
Relative clauses : 16.0 13.6137724551 118% => OK
Pronoun: 35.0 28.8173652695 121% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 46.0 55.5748502994 83% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2401.0 2260.96107784 106% => OK
No of words: 465.0 441.139720559 105% => OK
Chars per words: 5.16344086022 5.12650576532 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.64369019777 4.56307096286 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.51565660485 2.78398813304 90% => OK
Unique words: 219.0 204.123752495 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.470967741935 0.468620217663 101% => OK
syllable_count: 755.1 705.55239521 107% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.76447105788 126% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 26.0 19.7664670659 132% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 22.8473053892 74% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 48.447617048 57.8364921388 84% => OK
Chars per sentence: 92.3461538462 119.503703932 77% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.8846153846 23.324526521 77% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.96153846154 5.70786347227 122% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 12.0 6.88822355289 174% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.67664670659 107% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.197895999863 0.218282227539 91% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0574790479449 0.0743258471296 77% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0519975121836 0.0701772020484 74% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.113288886065 0.128457276422 88% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0378943267103 0.0628817314937 60% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.8 14.3799401198 82% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 48.3550499002 112% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 12.197005988 81% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.35 12.5979740519 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.25 8.32208582834 99% => OK
difficult_words: 111.0 98.500998004 113% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 12.3882235529 69% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 11.1389221557 79% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.