The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
In the argument, the author suggests that only people who sleep less than six hours per night should be hired. According to the recent study of 300 male and female advertising executives, those who need no more than 6 hours earn high profits and have faster growth. Convincing though the suggestion may sound, we should be alert to the assumptions in this argument.
To begin with, the author relies on the assumption that the executives exert the major positive effects on the success of an advertising firm. As we all know, the success of a company derives from the teamwork from all workers other than only a few managers. A normal advertising company usually includes a few parts, from planning to directing and painting. Profits derive from the groupwork of all parts in the company. If the executives only make the plans and the efficiency of achieving the plan depends mostly on the ordinary clerks, then this assumption is unwarranted; otherwise, if one can prove that all success of a firm springs from only the executives, then the assumption is strengthened.
Besides, it remains to be proved whether the executives who sleep less than six hours spend more time working than those who sleep longer. The author assumes that if an executive sleeps no more than six hours, he or she will work harder than others who sleep more than six hours. If further information proves that those executives who sleep fewer hours indeed are more hardworking than those who sleep more, then this assumption is reliable. What’s more, even if those executives devote more time to their work, the assumption remains uncertain that more time spent on work contributes a lot to higher profits and faster growth. Usually, to earn more and grow faster in a company requires the executive to be more creative and more responsible in an advertising firm. It is ideas and leadership that enables faster growth and more profits. If so, then the assumption is unwarranted.
Finally, granted that the results from the study are convincing in the advertising firms, the author assumes that all kinds of firms should follow this rule in hiring people. Besides advertising companies, there exists other kinds of companies, such as construction companies, restaurants, and shopping malls. In other fields, time is not as important as the advertising company; on the contrary, for the shopping mall, what brands should be contained are of greater importance than how long it services for people. If so, this assumption can be unwarranted given the fact that in most business companies, working for a longer time doesn’t necessarily suffice to generate more success. Also, the assumption that this rule should be applied to all positions in the company needs to be examined. For the salesman, it is not how long they work, but how the sell products that counts. Accordingly, this assumption is undermined considering the needs for different positions
To sum up, while the suggestion from the author sounds meaningful, it is based on several assumptions mentioned above. Only when we can clear all the assumptions can we fully believe hiring people with less than six hours of sleep is effective and crucial for any business company.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 24 15
No. of Words: 535 350
No. of Characters: 2612 1500
No. of Different Words: 228 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.809 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.882 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.611 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 180 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 132 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 90 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 67 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 22.292 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.546 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.667 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.319 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.527 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.144 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, also, besides, but, finally, if, may, so, then, while, such as, on the contrary, to begin with, to sum up
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 21.0 19.6327345309 107% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 12.9520958084 93% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 11.1786427146 116% => OK
Relative clauses : 20.0 13.6137724551 147% => OK
Pronoun: 37.0 28.8173652695 128% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 52.0 55.5748502994 94% => OK
Nominalization: 16.0 16.3942115768 98% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2699.0 2260.96107784 119% => OK
No of words: 534.0 441.139720559 121% => OK
Chars per words: 5.0543071161 5.12650576532 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.80712388197 4.56307096286 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.72688563363 2.78398813304 98% => OK
Unique words: 236.0 204.123752495 116% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.441947565543 0.468620217663 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 817.2 705.55239521 116% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 4.96107784431 181% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 8.0 2.70958083832 295% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 9.0 4.22255489022 213% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 23.0 19.7664670659 116% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 52.8179095478 57.8364921388 91% => OK
Chars per sentence: 117.347826087 119.503703932 98% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.2173913043 23.324526521 100% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.13043478261 5.70786347227 90% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 13.0 8.20758483034 158% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 6.88822355289 44% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.67664670659 150% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.127611532432 0.218282227539 58% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0426135885325 0.0743258471296 57% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0447368751612 0.0701772020484 64% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.07646421466 0.128457276422 60% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0422152573217 0.0628817314937 67% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.0 14.3799401198 97% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 48.3550499002 117% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 12.197005988 91% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.31 12.5979740519 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.09 8.32208582834 97% => OK
difficult_words: 112.0 98.500998004 114% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 12.3882235529 89% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.9071856287 92% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.