The following is a letter to the editor of an environmental magazine.
"Two studies of amphibians in Xanadu National Park confirm a significant decline in the
numbers of amphibians. In 1975 there were seven species of amphibians in the park, and
there were abundant numbers of each species. However, in 2002 only four species of
amphibians were observed in the park, and the numbers of each species were drastically
reduced. One proposed explanation is that the decline was caused by the introduction of
trout into the park's waters, which began in 1975. (Trout are known to eat amphibian eggs.)"
Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could
rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly
account for the facts presented in the argument.
The author has claimed that the demography of amphibians in the Xanadu National Park is waning. While the introduction of trouts into the river might seem to be a possible cause of this decline, the argument does not specifically proved this. The argument, which was based on logical reasoning and unjustified assumption seems debilitated by these flaws. Hence, the author needs to provide some alternative explanations to ameliorate the argument.
To begin, the author cited two studies that were conducted at 12 years interval. This is a relatively raft number of years for nature to alter the subsistence of fauna in an habitat. The amphibians might have migrated to other aquatic bodies. A quorum of them might have been killed by some esoteric yokel hunters. A lot of other incidents might have happened to the fishes that must have led to a deep decline in their population. In addition to this, the author failed to consider the population of the amphibians yeons before 1975. Surely, these populations must have been declining due to some reasons such as climate change.
Apart from this, the author failed to consider how these studies were conducted. Was the study which was conducted in 2002 more comprehensive than the the study conducted in 1975? What was the scope of the two studies? Perhaps, the latter study’s scope might be superficial to the former’s. Or on the contrary, the present study was conducted with modern and highly calibrated equipments than the 1975 study, hence making the 2002 investigate more glitchfree than the 1975 study.
However, for the argument to be ameliorated, the author needs to explain the effect of trout in the water. Merely stating that trouts eat amphibian eggs is not enough to say that these trouts might have caused the ebbing in the aquatic fauna’s demography. The fauna’s unhatched scions might not be the ilk of egg these trouts like. As a matter of fact, these particular species present in this park might be poisonous to these predatory trouts. Also, the needs to provide historical records of fish population in the river. Through this records, we would be able to assert if truly, trouts were the main cause of this decline.
In summary, the decline from seven species of amphibians to four species of fishes in the Xanadu National Park calls for huge attention. However, it is insufficient to blame the possibly baneful trouts for this deficiency. The author, who has based his arguments on two studies conducted in extremely diverse period of times, would need to provide some alternative explanation to validate his contention. Otherwise, this argument would be undermined by the author’s unreasonable justifications.
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 231, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'prove'
Suggestion: prove
...ine, the argument does not specifically proved this. The argument, which was based on ...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 90, Rule ID: A_RB_NN[1]
Message: You used an adverb ('relatively') instead an adjective, or a noun ('raft') instead of another adjective.
...conducted at 12 years interval. This is a relatively raft number of years for nature to alter the...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 172, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'a' instead of 'an' if the following word doesn't start with a vowel sound, e.g. 'a sentence', 'a university'
Suggestion: a
...re to alter the subsistence of fauna in an habitat. The amphibians might have migr...
^^
Line 5, column 148, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
...nducted in 2002 more comprehensive than the the study conducted in 1975? What was the s...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 148, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
...nducted in 2002 more comprehensive than the the study conducted in 1975? What was the s...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 533, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...f fish population in the river. Through this records, we would be able to assert if ...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, hence, however, if, so, while, apart from, in addition, in summary, such as, as a matter of fact, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 21.0 19.6327345309 107% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 11.1786427146 27% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 8.0 13.6137724551 59% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 28.0 28.8173652695 97% => OK
Preposition: 66.0 55.5748502994 119% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 16.3942115768 91% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2264.0 2260.96107784 100% => OK
No of words: 442.0 441.139720559 100% => OK
Chars per words: 5.1221719457 5.12650576532 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.58517132086 4.56307096286 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.75168933372 2.78398813304 99% => OK
Unique words: 222.0 204.123752495 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.502262443439 0.468620217663 107% => OK
syllable_count: 698.4 705.55239521 99% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 4.96107784431 121% => OK
Article: 17.0 8.76447105788 194% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 26.0 19.7664670659 132% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 22.8473053892 74% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 33.8914906148 57.8364921388 59% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 87.0769230769 119.503703932 73% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.0 23.324526521 73% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.57692307692 5.70786347227 80% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 5.25449101796 114% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.88822355289 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.67664670659 192% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.198337412309 0.218282227539 91% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0597873810259 0.0743258471296 80% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0765007594176 0.0701772020484 109% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.113816694066 0.128457276422 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0347485296005 0.0628817314937 55% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.2 14.3799401198 78% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 48.3550499002 112% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 12.197005988 81% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.12 12.5979740519 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.66 8.32208582834 104% => OK
difficult_words: 117.0 98.500998004 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 12.3882235529 73% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 11.1389221557 79% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 231, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'prove'
Suggestion: prove
...ine, the argument does not specifically proved this. The argument, which was based on ...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 90, Rule ID: A_RB_NN[1]
Message: You used an adverb ('relatively') instead an adjective, or a noun ('raft') instead of another adjective.
...conducted at 12 years interval. This is a relatively raft number of years for nature to alter the...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 172, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'a' instead of 'an' if the following word doesn't start with a vowel sound, e.g. 'a sentence', 'a university'
Suggestion: a
...re to alter the subsistence of fauna in an habitat. The amphibians might have migr...
^^
Line 5, column 148, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
...nducted in 2002 more comprehensive than the the study conducted in 1975? What was the s...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 148, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
...nducted in 2002 more comprehensive than the the study conducted in 1975? What was the s...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 533, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...f fish population in the river. Through this records, we would be able to assert if ...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, hence, however, if, so, while, apart from, in addition, in summary, such as, as a matter of fact, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 21.0 19.6327345309 107% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 11.1786427146 27% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 8.0 13.6137724551 59% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 28.0 28.8173652695 97% => OK
Preposition: 66.0 55.5748502994 119% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 16.3942115768 91% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2264.0 2260.96107784 100% => OK
No of words: 442.0 441.139720559 100% => OK
Chars per words: 5.1221719457 5.12650576532 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.58517132086 4.56307096286 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.75168933372 2.78398813304 99% => OK
Unique words: 222.0 204.123752495 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.502262443439 0.468620217663 107% => OK
syllable_count: 698.4 705.55239521 99% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 4.96107784431 121% => OK
Article: 17.0 8.76447105788 194% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 26.0 19.7664670659 132% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 22.8473053892 74% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 33.8914906148 57.8364921388 59% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 87.0769230769 119.503703932 73% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.0 23.324526521 73% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.57692307692 5.70786347227 80% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 5.25449101796 114% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.88822355289 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.67664670659 192% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.198337412309 0.218282227539 91% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0597873810259 0.0743258471296 80% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0765007594176 0.0701772020484 109% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.113816694066 0.128457276422 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0347485296005 0.0628817314937 55% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.2 14.3799401198 78% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 48.3550499002 112% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 12.197005988 81% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.12 12.5979740519 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.66 8.32208582834 104% => OK
difficult_words: 117.0 98.500998004 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 12.3882235529 73% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 11.1389221557 79% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.