dinasour remains are feathers or not
The article explains how critics have cast doubt on the fact that the fine lines surronding the skeletal bones of a particular dinasour remains, in volcanic ash in China, may be feathers. The lecturer disagrees with the statement and believes there is strong evidence that the lines actually represent feathers remains. She contradicts points made in the article as follows.
Firstly, as no other animal skin remains have decompsed in such way to produce this particular lines, the idea that these structures are lines fromed from fibers made in the process of skin fossilization is not very feasible. Evidently, as other animal remains in the volcanic ash nearby were preserved quite perfectly, we except the same from the Sinosauropteryx as well.
Secendly, there is a big chemical difference between frill remains and feather remains. The feather remains are rich in Betacaroten; as opposed to frill remains which have no Betacaroten. The lines aformentioned also had Betacaroten which subsequently negates the hypothesis that they could be remains of frills.
Finally, despite what the essay claims, feathers can have other functions other than fly or thermoregulation. Evidence shows that the feathers on the backbone and tail of this particular dinasour were white and orange and they might have been used as a display function; to attract mates. We have seen similar function of the feathers in peacocks as well.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-04-10 | Seyed Armin Mirhosseini | 90 | view |
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, finally, first, firstly, if, may, so, well
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 13.0 22.412803532 58% => OK
Preposition: 24.0 30.3222958057 79% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1202.0 1373.03311258 88% => OK
No of words: 227.0 270.72406181 84% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.29515418502 5.08290768461 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.88156143495 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.8483506386 2.5805825403 110% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.5859030837 0.540411800872 108% => OK
syllable_count: 374.4 419.366225166 89% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 50.3998884952 49.2860985944 102% => OK
Chars per sentence: 109.272727273 110.228320801 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.6363636364 21.698381199 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.27272727273 7.06452816374 75% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.334005514195 0.272083759551 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.118637560438 0.0996497079465 119% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.084324306212 0.0662205650399 127% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.17316427981 0.162205337803 107% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0868970710107 0.0443174109184 196% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.9 13.3589403974 104% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.46 12.2367328918 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.01 8.42419426049 107% => OK
difficult_words: 63.0 63.6247240618 99% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, finally, first, firstly, if, may, so, well
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 13.0 22.412803532 58% => OK
Preposition: 24.0 30.3222958057 79% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1202.0 1373.03311258 88% => OK
No of words: 227.0 270.72406181 84% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.29515418502 5.08290768461 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.88156143495 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.8483506386 2.5805825403 110% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.5859030837 0.540411800872 108% => OK
syllable_count: 374.4 419.366225166 89% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 50.3998884952 49.2860985944 102% => OK
Chars per sentence: 109.272727273 110.228320801 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.6363636364 21.698381199 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.27272727273 7.06452816374 75% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.334005514195 0.272083759551 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.118637560438 0.0996497079465 119% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.084324306212 0.0662205650399 127% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.17316427981 0.162205337803 107% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0868970710107 0.0443174109184 196% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.9 13.3589403974 104% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.46 12.2367328918 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.01 8.42419426049 107% => OK
difficult_words: 63.0 63.6247240618 99% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.