Emperor penguins are not only the largest species of penguin in the world but also one of the most unique. They are very social, living in colonies that can include hundreds of thousands of individuals. Nevertheless, emperor penguins are monogamous. Having selected a mate, emperor penguins remain faithful to each other for life, using vocal calls to find one another when they return to their breeding site on the compacted ice of the Antarctic continent. It is believed that different frequencies alert mates to the sound of their partner’s call.
Another interesting aspect of emperor penguins is that they return to the same site, called a rookery, to nest each year. Although their path to the rookery is different every year due to the shifting sea ice, in general, the penguins continue to use the rookery where they were hatched. Their loyalty to a particular breeding ground results in increasingly larger penguin colonies, some with more than a million birds. Males tend to arrive first to reestablish and defend their preferred nesting sites and females return a day or so later.
Emperor penguins are not considered endangered and are not currently protected under international law. In fact, in areas where reliable population counts have been conducted, the evidence suggests that populations are stable. However, due to harsh environmental conditions, some colonies have not been monitored on a consistent basis. Estimates of population sizes are at about 240,000 breeding pairs. Taking into consideration the non-breeding birds as well, the total translates into about 600,000 adult birds. Emperor chicks that reach adulthood can survive for 20 years.Summarize the main points in the lecture, and then explain how they cast doubt on the ideas in the reading passage.
Due to the given lecture, the professor claimed that the all three assumptions mentioned in the passsaged regarding to the new research are incorrect now.
First it was said in the passage that the emperor penguins are monogamous. But the most recent research have proved that they are serially monogamous. Means that they are mating each season and they are loyal and deligant to the mate for carying the chick till they return and if they don't locate the perivious mate during the mating season which is most likely and contrast happens only 15% of the times they mate again.
Secondly in addition to the passsage each season they return to a same nesting location but university of minestan published a research in which they used satelite pictures to see whether the claim is true or not but the reasuls showed that in six instances they don't return. And it is confirmed that they find new rookery for nesting.
At last but not least they have stimitaited that the emperor penguins population could decline to one third of the current population till the end of this centry. Because of the enviromental changes such as melting the ice in polars they are now concidered as one of the endanger spicies.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-08-29 | mehrnazsadr | 81 | view |
- TPO-42 - Independent Writing Task Workers are more satisfied when they have many different types of tasks to do during the workday than when they do similar tasks all day long.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 37
- TPO-46 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The opinions of celebrities, such as famous entertainers and athletes, are more important to younger people than they are to older people.Use specific reasons and exam 73
- TPO-44 - Independent Writing Task Some people believe that when busy parents do not have a lot of time to spend with their children, the best use of that time is to have fun playing games or sports. Others believe that it is best to use that time doing th 73
- Advances in transportation and communication like the airplane and the telephone have changed the way that nations interact with each other in a global society. Choose another technological innovation that you think is important. Give specific reasons for 76
- TPO-46 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The opinions of celebrities, such as famous entertainers and athletes, are more important to younger people than they are to older people.Use specific reasons and exam 66
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 285, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
... the chick till they return and if they dont locate the perivious mate during the ma...
^^^^
Line 3, column 126, Rule ID: A_UNCOUNTABLE[1]
Message: Uncountable nouns are usually not used with an indefinite article. Use simply 'research'.
Suggestion: research
...on but university of minestan published a research in which they used satelite pictures to...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 264, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...asuls showed that in six instances they dont return. And it is confirmed that they f...
^^^^
Line 4, column 267, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...olars they are now concidered as one of the endanger spicies.
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, if, regarding, second, secondly, so, third, in addition, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 23.0 30.3222958057 76% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 999.0 1373.03311258 73% => OK
No of words: 209.0 270.72406181 77% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.77990430622 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.80221413058 4.04702891845 94% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.42501142005 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Unique words: 116.0 145.348785872 80% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.555023923445 0.540411800872 103% => OK
syllable_count: 309.6 419.366225166 74% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 1.0 8.23620309051 12% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 8.0 13.0662251656 61% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 26.0 21.2450331126 122% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 79.4414092272 49.2860985944 161% => OK
Chars per sentence: 124.875 110.228320801 113% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.125 21.698381199 120% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.5 7.06452816374 134% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 0.0 4.45695364238 0% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.18327054049 0.272083759551 67% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0899015624149 0.0996497079465 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0747797070561 0.0662205650399 113% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0959828204232 0.162205337803 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0723253925002 0.0443174109184 163% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.1 13.3589403974 106% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.55 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.0289183223 112% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.74 12.2367328918 88% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.16 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 56.0 63.6247240618 88% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 10.498013245 118% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 81.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.