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The reading claims that dams represent one of the most beneficial and effective forms of electricity creation today and provides three reasons of support. On the other hand, the professor states that more research and development are necessary and he refutes each of the author's reasons.

First, the article avers that dams positively impact the environment. However, the lecturer casts doubt on this point by stating that the environment does suffer. He says that during the construction of dams, the water will be diverted and this presents a problem to the migratory of fish. In addition, when the water returned, it will flow more slowly and as a result it will hurt the production of fish to lay their eggs. This challanges the facts in the passage.

Second, the passage asserts that the power generatd from a dam produces no harmful pollutants. In contrast, the professor counters this point by explaining that dams contribute to add pollutants. In fact, he discusses that when lakes flood around the land, the plants die and the dead plants rot over time so methane will be released. Besides, plants remove carbon dioxide, which is a global warming gas, so dams destroy the plants that remove this global warming gas.This appears a contradiction of the information made in the passage.

Third, the article posits that dams create no financial burden for the community. Conversely, the professor opposes this point by saying that the community does suffer. Actually, he states that dams creates enormous lakes which flood periodically and this is not cheap. Also, he explains that dams is unfeasible without government's aid which has to pay local tax dollars. This disputes the third point mentioned in the article.