Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet. The painting was attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman's face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt. First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wearyet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects' clothing, would not have been guilty of such an inconsistency. Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadowwhich is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error. Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces of wood. For these reasons the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt's paintings in the 1930s.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they answer the specific problems presented in the reading passage.
While it looks like Potrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet is painted by Rembrandt according to passage. But new reasearch made by scientists clears all the problems and ensures that painting was made by Rembrandt.
First problem that Rembrandt was known for his consistency and attention to detail and the painting is inconsistent. Reashers has found that a luxurious fur collar was not present in original painting. It was painted by someone hunderd years after the original painting to make painting look more valuable. Perhaps to increase its worth. Original painting has a normal light collar.
Second, Remembrandt was master of painting light and shadow but in this painting there were certain errors. As the fur collar was painted afterwards, it was found out that earlier painting has a light collar. Light collar reflects light rather than absorb light. This would have made lady's face look brigher.
Third reason was painting was made from several pieces of wood glued together and Remembrant never used panel glued together in this way. Indeed this painting was made by Remembrant on a single piece of wood and different pieces of wood were added by someone who modifiied painting. The person who added the dark fur collar. It was also discovered that wood used for painting was used from same tree as for anothe painting of Remembrandt, his self potrait.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 1, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “While” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
While it looks like Potrait of an Elderly Wom...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 139, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Indeed,
... used panel glued together in this way. Indeed this painting was made by Remembrant on...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, if, look, second, so, third, while, as for
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 10.4613686534 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 16.0 22.412803532 71% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1151.0 1373.03311258 84% => OK
No of words: 229.0 270.72406181 85% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.02620087336 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.89008302616 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.47516987965 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 123.0 145.348785872 85% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.53711790393 0.540411800872 99% => OK
syllable_count: 334.8 419.366225166 80% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 1.0 8.23620309051 12% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 36.890468507 49.2860985944 75% => OK
Chars per sentence: 76.7333333333 110.228320801 70% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.2666666667 21.698381199 70% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.0 7.06452816374 57% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.240945595175 0.272083759551 89% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0997198535377 0.0996497079465 100% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0905467772475 0.0662205650399 137% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.182872414345 0.162205337803 113% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0723412259212 0.0443174109184 163% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.9 13.3589403974 74% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.3 12.2367328918 92% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.69 8.42419426049 91% => OK
difficult_words: 48.0 63.6247240618 75% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 65.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 19.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.