At a sale at a private home in California several years ago, a man purchased a box of photographic negatives stored in envelopes (negatives are photographic images on film or glass from which actual photographs can be made). The negatives dated from the 1920s and showed landscape scenes of the western United States. While the negatives carried no indication of the name of the photographer who created them, some people have concluded that the negatives were in fact made by the landscape photographer Ansel Adams, one of the greatest American photographers of the twentieth century. Several arguments have been offered in support of this idea.
First, the negatives include images of landscape features that Ansel Adams is known to have photographed. One of the negatives shows a large pine tree leaning downward on a cliff. The same distinctively shaped tree appears in another photograph that, without a doubt, was taken by Adams in the 1920s.
Second, the envelopes holding the negatives are numbered and marked with handwritten place names. The handwriting on the envelopes seems to resemble the handwriting of Virginia Adams, Ansel Adams’ wife. Virginia Adams is known to have assisted her husband in his work, so those who believe that Ansel Adams created these negatives have concluded that she helped her husband organize these negatives by numbering them and recording the names of the places where the images were created.
Third, a number of the negatives have been damaged by fire, it is well known that Ansel Adams’ photography studio had a fire that destroyed or damaged nearly a third of his negatives. The fact that some of the negatives bought at the sale have fire damage is consistent with the idea that they once belonged to Ansel Adams.
Both the reading passage and the listening discuss whether the negatives were indeed made by the landscape photographer Ansel Adams or not. The former argues that there are three supporting reasons that prove the negatives were made by Ansel Adams, but the latter contradicts each of these points.
First of all, the reading passage claims that the features on the negatives include images of landscape that the Ansel Adams is known to have photographed. However, the lecturer asserts that although the negative contains some features of the lanndscape that the Ansel Adams is known to have photographed, it is not convincing. The lecturer underlines that in fact the large pine tree leaning downward on a cliff was at a famous landpark where in the 1920s hundreds of visitors used to visit. In brief, he claims it was the most visiting sites at that time.
Second, the reading passage claims that the handwritten place names marked in the envelopes seem to resemble the handwriting of Virginia Adams, Ansel Adams' wife who is known to have assisted her husband in his work. Notwithstanding, the audio contends that the location of the envelop was wrong and the spelling was also wrong. Moreover, the audio contends that Virginia Adams was skilled on spelling because her father was an Artist and familiar with such task. So it is unlikely that the handwritten place names were in fact by Ansel Adams' wife.
Third, the reading passage claims that the number of the negaives have been impaired by fire and since it is well known that Ansel Adams' photography studio had a fire and that destroyed nearly a third fo this negatives, it proves that the negatives were in fact made by Ansel Adams. Nonetheless, the lecturer denies that and aruge that the negatives were in fact used to make by flammable chemical which easily catches fires. So the fires occurrences was usual.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 274, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...the audio contends that the location of the envelop was wrong and the spelling was also wro...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 125, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... by fire and since it is well known that Ansel Adams photography studio had a fi...
^^
Line 7, column 132, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e and since it is well known that Ansel Adams photography studio had a fire and ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, moreover, nonetheless, second, so, third, well, in brief, in fact, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 20.0 10.4613686534 191% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 21.0 12.0772626932 174% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 22.412803532 129% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1562.0 1373.03311258 114% => OK
No of words: 316.0 270.72406181 117% => OK
Chars per words: 4.94303797468 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.21620550194 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54649914734 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 157.0 145.348785872 108% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.496835443038 0.540411800872 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 485.1 419.366225166 116% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 61.4796834677 49.2860985944 125% => OK
Chars per sentence: 120.153846154 110.228320801 109% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.3076923077 21.698381199 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.46153846154 7.06452816374 120% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 0.0 4.33554083885 0% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.126527216378 0.272083759551 47% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0499286139182 0.0996497079465 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0428114981511 0.0662205650399 65% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0881063698354 0.162205337803 54% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0502874500768 0.0443174109184 113% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.0 13.3589403974 105% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.67 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.62 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 76.0 63.6247240618 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.