Scientists are considering the possibility of sending humans to Mars in the coming decades. Although there have been successful manned missions to the Moon in the 1960s and 1970s, Mars is 150 times further away from Earth than the Moon is. Thus the project of sending humans to Mars would require solving an array of problems the Moon missions did not have to face. One problem is that a round-trip to Mars and back is likely to take at least two years. The trip to the Moon lasted only a few days, and it was easy to bring enough supplies of food, water, and oxygen; but the cargo capacity of space vehicles is too limited to put on board the food, water, and oxygen required by a crew for a period of two years. Without those essentials, though, a Mars mission is impossible. A second problem is that astronauts on the Mars mission would be in the zero-gravity environment of space for many months at a time. Spending a long time in the zero-gravity environment has negative effects on the human body, such as decreased muscle mass and lower bone density. Over the course of a two-year mission, the effects would be so severe, they would make it impossible for humans to make the trip without experiencing grave medical problems. Finally, astronauts on a mission to Mars would be exposed to dangerous levels of space radiation, much of which comes in the form of charged particles emitted by the Sun. Earth's magnetic field, which normally protects us from dangerous solar radiation, would not be able to protect a spaceship traveling in interplanetary space. Constructing a shield that would protect the whole spaceship from space radiation is at present impossible because it would add too much weight to the ship.
The lecturer challenges the topic proposed in the reading that the project of sending humans to mars would require solving an array of problems. And she presumes that scientists already have proposed solution to these problems.
First, the article suggests that a round-trip to mars and back is likely to take at least two years, so food, water and oxygen would too limited. However, the professor points out that hydroponics could be planted to grow in recycled water to cultivate crops. And it would produce water vapor and absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen that used to breath. Thus, it could fix the problem of limited essentials.
Second, the essay supposes that astronauts would be in zero-gravity environment of space for many months at a time. But the lecturer supports that many astonauts stay in spacestations for several months. Plus, they could use techniques to resolve the problem. they can have regular exercise to prevent muscle mass decreasing and bone desity slowing down. Hence, the problem could be solved.
Third, the passage indicates that astronauts would be exposed to dangerous levels of space radiation, much of which comes in the form of charged particles emitted by the Sun. Nevertheless, the professor argues that the radiation is not at dangerous level all the time. And astronauts could use equipments to monitor solar radiation and build a shield that is not too much heavy. When the radiation is not severe, they could stay outside. When the instrument detects dangerous radiation, they could stay in the shield until the radiation passes.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-01-20 | f.jafary66@gmail.com | 80 | view |
| 2020-01-18 | naziii | 3 | view |
| 2020-01-07 | 3dra | 3 | view |
| 2019-12-27 | Amirreza97 | 3 | view |
| 2019-12-16 | jeffhjz | 3 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 138, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[1]
Message: The verb 'would' requires the base form of the verb: 'limit'
Suggestion: limit
...rs, so food, water and oxygen would too limited. However, the professor points out that...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 261, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: They
... use techniques to resolve the problem. they can have regular exercise to prevent mu...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, hence, however, nevertheless, second, so, third, thus, at least
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 5.04856512141 257% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 18.0 22.412803532 80% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1328.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 258.0 270.72406181 95% => OK
Chars per words: 5.14728682171 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.00778971557 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.58779208371 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 145.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.562015503876 0.540411800872 104% => OK
syllable_count: 396.9 419.366225166 95% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 4.0 1.51434878587 264% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 16.0 21.2450331126 75% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 35.9321735183 49.2860985944 73% => OK
Chars per sentence: 83.0 110.228320801 75% => OK
Words per sentence: 16.125 21.698381199 74% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.6875 7.06452816374 66% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0672281988998 0.272083759551 25% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0213882017976 0.0996497079465 21% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0278702712106 0.0662205650399 42% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0469741348284 0.162205337803 29% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0377883558884 0.0443174109184 85% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.9 13.3589403974 82% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 63.7 53.8541721854 118% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.4 11.0289183223 76% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.29 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.02 8.42419426049 107% => OK
difficult_words: 75.0 63.6247240618 118% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.4 10.498013245 80% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.