The article discusses some doubts that have been raised against the flying ability of Pterosaurs and provides three reasons of support. The professor, however, indicates that based on recent research; pterosaurs may have been capable of flying, and refutes each of the author's reasons.
First, the author argues that pterosaurs; like modern reptiles, were cold-blooded and couldn't have had produced enough energy for flying. The professor disagrees with this point and states that the recent research shows us that their body was covered by thick and dense hair that kept them warm in cold conditions; preventing them from losing energy. Therefore, they could save their energy for flying.
Second, the article debates that pterosaurs weren't able to fly because of their heavyweight since they were large and heavy. The professor contradicts with this statements and explains that pterosaurs had significantly light and hollow bones, and despite their large body frames, they were able to flap their wings and fly.
Finally, the author states that pterosaurs weren't able to jump off the ground like birds in order to fly upwards. The professor refutes this point as well and indicates that pterosaurs were able to walk on their four limbs, whereas birds that could only move on their hind legs on the ground. She continues that in this way, pterosaurs were able to move faster and push their four limbs higher in order to run fast or jump high into the air and fly.
- TPO-48 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Because modern life is very complex, it is essential for young people to have the ability to plan and organize. 70
- Governments should spend more money in sponsoring arts than in athletics (like state Olympics team). 78
- Teachers must assign homework to their students every day. 83
- The best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things. 3
- TPO-49 - Integrated Writing Task Like many creatures, humpback whales migrate long distances for feeding and mating purposes. How animals manage to migrate long distances is often puzzling. In the case of humpback whales, we may have found the answer: the 81
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 87, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: couldn't
... modern reptiles, were cold-blooded and couldnt have had produced enough energy for fly...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 45, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: weren't
...nd, the article debates that pterosaurs werent able to fly because of their heavyweigh...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 157, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...d heavy. The professor contradicts with this statements and explains that pterosaurs...
^^^^
Line 7, column 44, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: weren't
...ally, the author states that pterosaurs werent able to jump off the ground like birds ...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, however, if, may, second, so, therefore, well, whereas
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 7.30242825607 192% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 31.0 22.412803532 138% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 31.0 30.3222958057 102% => OK
Nominalization: 0.0 5.01324503311 0% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1235.0 1373.03311258 90% => OK
No of words: 242.0 270.72406181 89% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.10330578512 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.94415379849 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.34124004721 2.5805825403 91% => OK
Unique words: 134.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.553719008264 0.540411800872 102% => OK
syllable_count: 354.6 419.366225166 85% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 43.5753370612 49.2860985944 88% => OK
Chars per sentence: 123.5 110.228320801 112% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.2 21.698381199 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.0 7.06452816374 99% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.403504743792 0.272083759551 148% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.16416128783 0.0996497079465 165% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0571538052724 0.0662205650399 86% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.233944484131 0.162205337803 144% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0544338232556 0.0443174109184 123% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.7 13.3589403974 110% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.6 12.2367328918 103% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.35 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 54.0 63.6247240618 85% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.