The Little Ice Age was a period of unusually cold temperature in many parts of the world that lasted from about the year 1350 until 1900 C.E. There were unusually harsh winters and glaciers grew larger in many areas. Scientists have long wondered what caused the Little Ice Age. Several possible causes have been proposed.
the reading states that Scientists are trying to found out what would occur the Little Ice age
and provides three possible causes of support. The lecturer challenges the proposals
made by the author and refutes each of the author's claims.
first of all, the article argues that disruption of ocean current might have caused the little
ice age. The lecturer challenges the claim. He says that this little ice age only explains Europe and American
disruption but does not provide any explanation southern hemisphere disruption. Additionally, he states that
southern hemisphere like Newzealand and south Africa also become cooler now this time and shortage their Ice age but author does not provide any specific reason for this happening.
Secondly, The article posits that after volcanic eruption dust and sulfer gas spread into the atmosphere and blocking sunlight thus, sunlight can not reache into the earth. as a result global temperature decreaes day by day.
The lecturer, however, rebuts this claim that volcanic dust mainly striking visual effects. as a result
it occurs some color sunlight and produces gray or parpel snow. On the other hand, these effects can not reported by the authors so, this dust effect not long enough to explain Little ice age.
Finally, the author asserts that human population declination would be occur indirectly to the cooling of climate.
In the article states that for declining population besides forest trees increases and then trees absorb large amount of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gasses and keep the earth cool.
In contrast, the lecturer position is that it has not enough time to stay low of human population because during short time, human population increas and cuts down again a large number of trees.
Furthermore, He says that this assumption are not carrying any convincing idea and this population decreasing concept not long enough to long term effects of enormous
global cooning and little ice age.
- Claim: The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its role models.Reason: Heroes and role models reveal a society's highest ideals. 73
- The zebra mussel, a freshwater shellfish native to Eastern Europe, has long been spreading out from its original habitats and has now reached parts of North America. There are reasons to believe that this invasion cannot be stopped and that it poses a ser 66
- Starting in the 1960s and continuing until the 1980s, sailors in Russian submarines patrolling the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean would occasionally hear strange sounds. These underwater noises reminded the submarine crews of frog croaks, so they called 61
- The Little Ice Age was a period of unusually cold temperature in many parts of the world that lasted from about the year 1350 until 1900 C.E. There were unusually harsh winters and glaciers grew larger in many areas. Scientists have long wondered what cau 3
- In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their empl 73
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
the reading states that Scientists are tryi...
^^^
Line 3, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: And
...t what would occur the Little Ice age and provides three possible causes of suppo...
^^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Made
...The lecturer challenges the proposals made by the author and refutes each of the a...
^^^^
Line 9, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: First
...efutes each of the authors claims. first of all, the article argues that disrupt...
^^^^^
Line 11, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Ice
... current might have caused the little ice age. The lecturer challenges the claim....
^^^
Line 13, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Disruption
...age only explains Europe and American disruption but does not provide any explanation so...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 109, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...disruption. Additionally, he states that southern hemisphere like Newzealand and ...
^^^^
Line 15, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Southern
...uption. Additionally, he states that southern hemisphere like Newzealand and south Af...
^^^^^^^^
Line 19, column 174, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: As
...sunlight can not reache into the earth. as a result global temperature decreaes da...
^^
Line 19, column 174, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “as” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...sunlight can not reache into the earth. as a result global temperature decreaes da...
^^
Line 21, column 93, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: As
...ic dust mainly striking visual effects. as a result it occurs some color sunlig...
^^
Line 21, column 93, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “as” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...ic dust mainly striking visual effects. as a result it occurs some color sunlig...
^^
Line 21, column 104, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...nly striking visual effects. as a result it occurs some color sunlight and produc...
^^^^
Line 23, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...striking visual effects. as a result it occurs some color sunlight and produces...
^^
Line 23, column 106, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'can' requires base form of the verb: 'report'
Suggestion: report
...n the other hand, these effects can not reported by the authors so, this dust effect not...
^^^^^^^^
Line 33, column 171, Rule ID: LARGE_NUMBER_OF[1]
Message: Specify a number, remove phrase, or simply use 'many' or 'numerous'
Suggestion: many; numerous
... population increas and cuts down again a large number of trees. Furthermore, He says that this...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 35, column 167, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... enough to long term effects of enormous global cooning and little ice age.
^^^^
Line 37, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Global
...ugh to long term effects of enormous global cooning and little ice age.
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, besides, but, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, second, secondly, so, then, thus, in contrast, as a result, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 4.0 10.4613686534 38% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 17.0 7.30242825607 233% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 13.0 5.01324503311 259% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1689.0 1373.03311258 123% => OK
No of words: 317.0 270.72406181 117% => OK
Chars per words: 5.32807570978 5.08290768461 105% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.21953715646 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.44827471904 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 182.0 145.348785872 125% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.574132492114 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 504.0 419.366225166 120% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 53.4458812466 49.2860985944 108% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.6 110.228320801 102% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.1333333333 21.698381199 97% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.2 7.06452816374 144% => OK
Paragraphs: 15.0 4.09492273731 366% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 18.0 4.19205298013 429% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0977255485211 0.272083759551 36% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0339939568106 0.0996497079465 34% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.041818100431 0.0662205650399 63% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0395311419799 0.162205337803 24% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0496977569228 0.0443174109184 112% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.2 13.3589403974 106% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 53.8541721854 93% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.63 12.2367328918 111% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.61 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 79.0 63.6247240618 124% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Maximum four paragraphs wanted.
It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.