Stone balls
The reading and the lecture are both about carved stone balls. In this set of materials, the writer believes that some specific reasons and secrets are behind their existence, and provides three theories to endorse its idea. The lecturer casts doubt on the claims made in the articles by stating that those theories are not convincing explanations, and gainsays each of the arguments mentioned in the reading.
First and foremost, the passage begins by asserting that depressions found on the engraved stone balls gave rise to the prediction that they were being used for the haunting and battling purposes. The author believes that carved surfaces on the stone were used to aim the targets. This point is challenged by the lecturer. She stated that if these artifacts were being used for fighting or hunting reasons there should be some signs of wear and tear. Furthermore, she mentioned that arrows always showed signs of damage after usage in fights, while the stone balls were not broken into pieces or cracked. Therefore, their surfaces were well preserved and not damaged that refutes the theory
Next, the professor in the lecture further points out that these stone balls could not be used for measurement systems. Although stone balls were of uniform sizes, they vary considerably in their weights because of the fact that they were being made from different kinds of material stones i.e., sand and quartz. She elaborates on this theory by mentioning that they were of different densities that made a huge difference just like the equivalent weight of rocks are heavier than feathers because of their densities. These claims refute the writer’s implication of using the carved stones as a standard weight measuring tool in past. He believes that because all the stone balls were of similar diameter -70 mm they were be used for quantitative weighing of grains and food supplies.
Ultimately, the article wraps its arguments by declaring that the inscription on the carved stones had suggested that they had been used for representing the status of some elites in the society. The speaker in the listening rebuts his point by insisting that engraved patterns on the stones were so simplified that it's hard to believe that it could have represented the social status of high ranks people. Moreover, she explained that when these people were buried, their possessions were placed with them. However, not any of such stone ball was found in any of the tombs or graves of such personalities.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-01-31 | reza_fattahi | 83 | view |
| 2023-01-20 | nikki07hung | 85 | view |
| 2022-12-25 | nikki07hung | 85 | view |
| 2022-12-02 | lilipo | 80 | view |
| 2022-10-26 | _sta | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 691, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... and not damaged that refutes the theory Next, the professor in the lecture furth...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 205, Rule ID: BECAUSE_OF_THE_FACT_THAT[1]
Message: This phrase is redundant. Use simply 'because'.
Suggestion: because
...they vary considerably in their weights because of the fact that they were being made from different kin...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 627, Rule ID: IN_PAST[1]
Message: Did you mean: 'in the past'?
Suggestion: in the past
...nes as a standard weight measuring tool in past. He believes that because all the stone...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 723, Rule ID: BEEN_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Consider using a past participle here: 'been'.
Suggestion: been
...re of similar diameter -70 mm they were be used for quantitative weighing of grain...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, furthermore, however, if, moreover, so, therefore, well, while
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 26.0 10.4613686534 249% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 7.30242825607 178% => OK
Relative clauses : 20.0 12.0772626932 166% => OK
Pronoun: 50.0 22.412803532 223% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 53.0 30.3222958057 175% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2093.0 1373.03311258 152% => OK
No of words: 414.0 270.72406181 153% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.05555555556 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.51076378781 4.04702891845 111% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.51503101155 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 216.0 145.348785872 149% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.521739130435 0.540411800872 97% => OK
syllable_count: 630.9 419.366225166 150% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 10.0 3.25607064018 307% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 53.0194193058 49.2860985944 108% => OK
Chars per sentence: 123.117647059 110.228320801 112% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.3529411765 21.698381199 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.35294117647 7.06452816374 62% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.317194480437 0.272083759551 117% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.119251359009 0.0996497079465 120% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.102930416342 0.0662205650399 155% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.201157770007 0.162205337803 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0872874611118 0.0443174109184 197% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.6 13.3589403974 109% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.36 12.2367328918 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.76 8.42419426049 104% => OK
difficult_words: 103.0 63.6247240618 162% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.