Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there
are doubts whether some paintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him.
One such painting is known as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed
the representation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be by
Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by
Rembrandt.
First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed.
She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear-yet the coat she
is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was
known for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty
of such an inconsistency.
Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting these
elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto it
from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than
reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears.
Rembrandt would never have made such an error.
Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel
made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on
wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this
way from several pieces of wood.
For these reason the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s
paintings in the 1930s.
In the reading passage, the author has shown doubt on the famous painting, ‘the elderly woman in a white bonnet’, which is considered as Rembrandt's painting, a Dutch painter. However, the lecturer asserts re-examination has proved that it was Rembrandt who made the art.
According to the author, the woman’s dress, like her linen cap does not fit with her luxurious fur collar coat. He adds that as the painter was very aware of his painting’s details such as clothing, he could not make such mistake. On the other hand, the speaker clarifies this idea. He says that X-ray analy00000000000sis of the fur collar’s pigment has demonstrated that the pigment of fur collar does not match with pigment used in original painting. In addition, he also states that someone added the fur collar later in order to increase the values of the painting.
The author claims that light and shadow effect was not reflected correctly in the painting. The speaker discusses this idea by saying that if the fur color will remove on top of the painting, the picture will have an ordinary light color collar, reflecting light on the women’s face instead of absorbing color and making the women’s face partially shadow. In this case, the painting will consist of the exact effect of light and shadow that Rembrandt did.
The author also mentions that, as the painting included several pieces of wood panel joined by glue, this painting was not Rembrandt’s work. Yet, the lecturer explains this by saying that the original image had a single wooden panel. Someone enlarged the wooden board by adding extra pieces to increase the value of the painting. Again, he mentions the wood used to make that panel taken from the same tree used by Rembrandt.
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| 2023-08-02 | nusybah | 73 | view |
| 2023-06-06 | YasamanEsml | 73 | view |
| 2023-06-06 | YasamanEsml | 70 | view |
| 2023-04-23 | Yam Kumar Oli | 70 | view |
| 2023-02-24 | Muggle | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 440, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...he exact effect of light and shadow that Rembrandt did. The author also mentions...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, however, if, so, in addition, such as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 5.0 10.4613686534 48% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1451.0 1373.03311258 106% => OK
No of words: 294.0 270.72406181 109% => OK
Chars per words: 4.93537414966 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.14082457966 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.57332876198 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 155.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.527210884354 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 420.3 419.366225166 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 51.1530317094 49.2860985944 104% => OK
Chars per sentence: 103.642857143 110.228320801 94% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.0 21.698381199 97% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.42857142857 7.06452816374 63% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 4.33554083885 185% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 4.45695364238 22% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.145397347998 0.272083759551 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0550634012772 0.0996497079465 55% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0704788838899 0.0662205650399 106% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0971382844211 0.162205337803 60% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0480664586716 0.0443174109184 108% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 67.08 53.8541721854 125% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.37 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.06 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 63.0 63.6247240618 99% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.