The article and the lecture are about a specific mass-extinction, which occurred about 2000 million years ago and allow dinosaurs to be the dominant species in the world, and three possible explanations about its causes. The author in the passage believes that all these theories seem to be reliable and enough supported for explaining this catastrophe. However, the lecturer casts doubt on the statements made in the article. She thinks that these hypotheses are not enough credible.
First, the author claims that due to the constant fluctuations presented in this period, the decline of the sea level could have caused the destruction of shallow and land environments. Nevertheless, this theory is challenged by the lecturer who posits that despite these fluctuations, the decline of the sea level may not have had a great impact in shallow and land animals because it is known that these animals were presumably able to adapt to these changes.
Second, the article states that another possible explanation involves massive climate cooling, because volcanic activity released large amounts of sulfur dioxide, it would have caused a lowering in global temperatures. Nonetheless, the lecturer discredits this hypothesis by explaining that sulfur dioxide released by volcanic activity used to combine with water and get back to the surface as the form of rain. Consequently, it is likely that temperatures around the world keep constant if volcanic eruptions emitted this chemical element.
Finally, the author mentions that another credible cause for this mass-extinction was the impact of an asteroid into the Earth’s surface. Because an asteroid strike displaces large amounts of soil and crushed rock, this debris would have blocked the presence of sunlight in the atmosphere which caused the death of plants and therefore the starvation of animals. The lecturer, on the other hand, puts forth the idea that there is no evidence of any crater that resembles the size of the supposed asteroid. Furthermore, she points out that there is a crater but it dated from 12 million years before this catastrophe which implies that it is unlikely that an asteroid strike would have caused the extinction of more than half of the living species.
- One of the threats to endangered sea turtle species is the use of nets by commercial shrimp-fishing boats. When turtles get accidentally caught in the nets, they cannot rise to the surface of the ocean to breathe, and they die. Some people suggest that th 83
- Hail—pieces of ice that form and fall from clouds instead of snow or rain—has always been a problem for farmers in some areas of the United States. Hail pellets can fall with great force and destroy crops in the field. Over the last few decades, a met 85
- The article and the lecture are about three theories which have been proposed to explain the origin of the Voynich manuscript. The author in the passage believes that those hypotheses are well-supported. However, the lecturer casts doubt on the statement 80
- Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible. First, atmospheric 85
- A huge marine mammal known as Steller’s sea cow once lived in the waters around Bering Island off the coast of Siberia. It was described in 1741 by Georg W. Steller, a naturalist who was among the first Europeans to see one. In 1768 the animal became ex 80
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 220, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...large amounts of soil and crushed rock, this debris would have blocked the presence ...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, may, nevertheless, nonetheless, second, so, therefore, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 18.0 12.0772626932 149% => OK
Pronoun: 35.0 22.412803532 156% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1891.0 1373.03311258 138% => OK
No of words: 358.0 270.72406181 132% => OK
Chars per words: 5.28212290503 5.08290768461 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.34981470047 4.04702891845 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.80205470407 2.5805825403 109% => OK
Unique words: 198.0 145.348785872 136% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.553072625698 0.540411800872 102% => OK
syllable_count: 586.8 419.366225166 140% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 27.0 21.2450331126 127% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 63.0134765336 49.2860985944 128% => OK
Chars per sentence: 145.461538462 110.228320801 132% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.5384615385 21.698381199 127% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.2307692308 7.06452816374 145% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.198216042893 0.272083759551 73% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0602108016931 0.0996497079465 60% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0741028349561 0.0662205650399 112% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.097820023589 0.162205337803 60% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0708069097949 0.0443174109184 160% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 17.2 13.3589403974 129% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 44.07 53.8541721854 82% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.8 11.0289183223 125% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.64 12.2367328918 111% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.39 8.42419426049 111% => OK
difficult_words: 100.0 63.6247240618 157% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 10.498013245 122% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.