The golden frog is a small bright-yellow amphibian that lives in and around mountain streams in Panama The species is severely endangered because of a fungus that infects the frog through its skin and inhibits the frog's critical life functions, such as breathing. Conservationists have proposed a few solutions to the golden frog's fungus problem.
Bacterial Protection
First, scientists have identified a natural enemy of the fungus: a type of bacterium. This bacterium produces a chemical that kills fungal cells. Scientists think that they may be able to introduce colonies of this bacterium to the skin of golden frogs. The bacterial colonies would then protect the frogs against the fungus infection
Breeding Frogs in Captivity
Second, researchers are considering the possibility of breeding golden frogs in captivity and then releasing them in the wild to replenish wild populations The golden frog can develop disease-free in captivity; where it is isolated from the fungus When golden frogs bred in captivity are released in habitats where wild golden frogs have died out, the frogs bred in captivity will give rise to a healthy, fungus-free population.
A Natural Defense
Third, it is possible that golden frogs w川 overcome the threat posed by the fungus without human intervention. Some golden frogs have what seems to be a natural defense against the fungus. When infected, they increase their body temperature, which slows down the growth of the fungus If this ability to resist the fungal infection spreads among the golden frog population as a whole, the frog population is likely to overcome the crisis and start increasing again.
The golden frogs that live in and around the mountain stream in Panama are endangered because of a fungus that infects the frog through its skin. Several reasons are mentioned in the passage to solve that problem and save the frogs. However, the professor explained in the lecture that none of the solutions in the passage will be effective, and can not save the golden frogs for some reasons below.
First, bacterial protection probably will not work. Introducing a type of bacterium that produces a chemical that kills fungus will have a positive effect at first but not for a long time because that bacteria will release chemicals early in the colonies at it is just that, after that the bacteria will stop producing chemicals, as a result, the protection will stop.
Second, breeding frogs in captivity then release them in the wild where wild golden frogs have died will not solve the problem either, because those frogs that have been in captivity will carry the same disease and will get effect by the fungus, so they can not stay healthy.
Third, heating the frog's body is not a good solution because by increasing their body temperature, they will have to use up a lot of energy. As a result, they will be weak and easy to get ill. By using this strategy, the frogs might be safe against the fungus, but they will not be strong and healthy.
- TPO32
- Many consumers ignore commercial advertisements. In response, advertising companies have started using a new tactic, called “buzzing." The advertisers hire people, buzzers, who personally promote (buzz) products to people they know or meet. The key 76
- A little over 2 200 years ago the Roman navy attacked the Greek port city of Syracuse According to some ancient historians the Greeks defended themselves with an ingenious weapon called a burning mirror a polished copper surface curved to focus the Sun s 63
- TPO12-Q2 3
- integrated writing toefl, TPO 25 40
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, second, so, then, third, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 15.0 5.04856512141 297% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1114.0 1373.03311258 81% => OK
No of words: 239.0 270.72406181 88% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.66108786611 5.08290768461 92% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.93187294222 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.32084473145 2.5805825403 90% => OK
Unique words: 123.0 145.348785872 85% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.514644351464 0.540411800872 95% => OK
syllable_count: 343.8 419.366225166 82% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 1.25165562914 320% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 26.0 21.2450331126 122% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 87.5645793432 49.2860985944 178% => OK
Chars per sentence: 123.777777778 110.228320801 112% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.5555555556 21.698381199 122% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.33333333333 7.06452816374 90% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.243256922858 0.272083759551 89% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.130524316026 0.0996497079465 131% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.201317839236 0.0662205650399 304% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.168553866896 0.162205337803 104% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.139271721635 0.0443174109184 314% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.8 13.3589403974 103% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 62.01 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.04 12.2367328918 82% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.97 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 46.0 63.6247240618 72% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 10.498013245 118% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.