1. The following appeared in an article written by Dr. Karp, an anthropologist.
"Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia and concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. However, my recent interviews with children living in the group of islands that includes Tertia show that these children spend much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. This research of mine proves that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture is invalid and thus that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid as well. The interview-centered method that my team of graduate students is currently using in Tertia will establish a much more accurate understanding of child-rearing traditions there and in other island cultures."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The following argument is flawed for numerous reasons. Primarily, two studies used different research approaches of which they cannot compare with each other, rendering the conclusion that dr. field's conclusion about Tertian village culture is invalid.
Firstly, the study conducted by dr. field was an observation-centered approach, which is a different approach compared to dr. Karp's study-an interview-centered approach, which is difficult to compare as they did not use the same study method. For example, dr. field observed children in tertia how do they interact with the people living in the same village rather than only focus on the children interact with their parents. On the other hand, dr. Krap used an interview approach to ask children questions about how do they interact with others. we do not know what kind of questions in the interview; the questions could be merely focused on a parent-child relationship and/or an entire village. Therefore, in order to know whether children are reared by an entire village or merely by their parents, we need to know both the study procedure and the detail of the study.
Secondly, there are 20 years time difference between these two studies; it could be a great change in terms of tertia's culture and lifestyle. For instance, twenty years ago, the culture in tertia tend to be collective, which tertia would take care of each other who live in the same village. However, after 20 years, people in tertia might change their attitude and belief since they may influence from other cultures that a parent-child relationship is more important so that parents in tertia may prefer rear their own children, rather than rely on other their relative.
Because the argument makes several unwarranted assumptions, it fails to make a convincing case that children in tertia are merely reared by their biological parents.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 10 15
No. of Words: 304 350
No. of Characters: 1529 1500
No. of Different Words: 155 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.176 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.03 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.757 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 115 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 86 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 58 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 32 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 30.4 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 10.604 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.7 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.402 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.67 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.166 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 548, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: We
...about how do they interact with others. we do not know what kind of questions in t...
^^
Line 7, column 874, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... procedure and the detail of the study. Secondly, there are 20 years time differ...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 574, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ther than rely on other their relative. Because the argument makes several unwar...
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, firstly, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, therefore, for example, for instance, kind of, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 19.6327345309 61% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 12.9520958084 62% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 11.1786427146 54% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 9.0 13.6137724551 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 20.0 28.8173652695 69% => OK
Preposition: 40.0 55.5748502994 72% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 16.3942115768 37% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1589.0 2260.96107784 70% => OK
No of words: 303.0 441.139720559 69% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.24422442244 5.12650576532 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.17215713816 4.56307096286 91% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.82592288787 2.78398813304 102% => OK
Unique words: 163.0 204.123752495 80% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.53795379538 0.468620217663 115% => OK
syllable_count: 476.1 705.55239521 67% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 4.96107784431 81% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.76447105788 46% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 19.7664670659 81% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 18.0 22.8473053892 79% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 67.0587137794 57.8364921388 116% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.3125 119.503703932 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.9375 23.324526521 81% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.5 5.70786347227 131% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 5.15768463074 78% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 8.20758483034 61% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 6.88822355289 44% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.67664670659 171% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.241873398695 0.218282227539 111% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0841683421191 0.0743258471296 113% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.035351715389 0.0701772020484 50% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.121964376354 0.128457276422 95% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0646608879071 0.0628817314937 103% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.7 14.3799401198 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 48.3550499002 110% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 12.197005988 84% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.11 12.5979740519 104% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.23 8.32208582834 99% => OK
difficult_words: 71.0 98.500998004 72% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 5.5 12.3882235529 44% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 9.2 11.1389221557 83% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 54.17 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.25 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.