"Commuters complain that increased rush-hour traffic on Blue Highway between the suburbs and the city center has doubled their commuting time. The favored proposal of the motorists' lobby is to widen the highway, adding an additional lane of traffic. But last year's addition of a lane to the nearby Green Highway was followed by a worsening of traffic jams on it. A better alternative is to add a bicycle lane to Blue Highway. Many area residents are keen bicyclists. A bicycle lane would encourage them to use bicycles to commute, and so would reduce rush-hour traffic rather than fostering an increase."
The argument says that a bicycle lane would inspire people to use bicycles to commute, leading to reduced in rush-hour traffic. The problem of proposing above solution is enhanced traffic on Blue Highway between the suburbs and the city center. There was a proposal to widen the highway but due to similar action in nearby highway lead to worsening the traffic jams on it. To support the reasoning, the author states that many area residents are bicycle lovers; therefore, they would prefer bicycle lane, action will reduce traffic on Blue Highway. However, stated in this way, the argument reveals examples of leap of faith, poor reasoning and ill-defined terminology. The argument manipulates the facts and conveys a distorted view of the situation. Further, it fails to mention several key factors on the basis of which it could be evaluated. The conclusion of the argument relies on the assumption for which there is no clear evidence. Hence, the argument is weak and unconvincing and has several flaws.
First of all, the argument readily assumes that the situations due to which the Blue Highway is affected are the same as the situation of the nearby Green Highway. This statement is a stretch and not substantiated by any way. For example, it is quite possible that the the city in which Green Highway present population increased exponentially after widening the highway. This incidence could be because of several reasons such any national or international event going to happen in that particular city or festival being organized during those period. Due to such events, it is pretty obvious that the traffic would me much higher and this might be the case with nearby Green Highway. Clearly, the argument presented by author regarding this point is not convincing. The argument would have been much clearer if it explicitly stated the reasons why the Green Highway widening followed by increased traffic jams and how the situation of both highways are comparable.
Secondly, the argument claims that the many area residents are keen bicyclists. A bicycle lane would encourage people to use bicycle to commute, leading to less rush-hour traffice. This a again a very weak and unsupported reasoning as the argument does not demonstrate any correlation between reasons of increased traffic on Blue Highway and using of bicycle by peopel. Generally, people use bicycle to travel shorter distance while other vehicles such as cars and motor bikes are used to travel longer distance. In the argument, nothing is given about the vehicles mostly run on Blue Highway. What are the ratios of people using this highway for commuting on bicycle, car, or bus. To illustrate, if majority of the people use the Blue Highway for going to suburbs to city center or vise versa and distance between these two locations are too much to travel by bicycle, then there would be no result to have bicycle lane. As the people would not use the lane, leading no reduction in the traffic.
In fact, it is not at all clear that how many people like bicycles in that area, how many person who use the bicycle and like the bicycle actually use that highway for commuting and the most importance the distance between these two places. If the argument had provided evidence that regaridng the distance between these two places, people vehicle preference and the percentage of people liking the bicycles then the argument would have been a lot more convincing.
Without convincing answers to the above-mentioned questions, one is left with the impression that the claim is more wishful rather than substantive evidence.
In conclusion, the argument is flawed for the above-mentioned reasons and therefore unconvincing. It could be considerably strengthened if the author clearly mentioned all the relevant facts. In this case, the similarties between Blue Highway and nearby Green Highway, why the proposed plan to nearby Green Highway failed, what are major source of vehicle leading to traffic in Blue Highway and the role of bicycle in traffic to Blue Highway along with possible effects of people using the bicycles to commute between suburbs and the city center.
In order to assess the merits of certain situations or decisions, it is essential to have full knowledge of all contributing factors. In this particular case knowing about the distance between suburbs and city center are very crucial. This distance would largely affect the use of bicycles to these people. Without this information, the argument remains unsubstantiated and open to debate.
- Commuters complain that increased rush hour traffic on Blue Highway between the suburbs and the city center has doubled their commuting time The favored proposal of the motorists lobby is to widen the highway adding an additional lane of traffic But last
- Commuter use of the new subway train is exceeding the transit company s projections However commuter use of the shuttle buses that transport people to the subway stations is below the projected volume If the transit company expects commuters to ride the s 60
- Commuters complain that increased rush hour traffic on Blue Highway between the suburbs and the city center has doubled their commuting time The favored proposal of the motorists lobby is to widen the highway adding an additional lane of traffic But last 58
- An international development organization, in response to a vitamin A deficiency among people in the impoverished nation of Tagus, has engineered a new breed of millet high in vitamin A. While seeds for this new type of millet cost more, farmers will be p 39
- Commuters complain that increased rush hour traffic on Blue Highway between the suburbs and the city center has doubled their commuting time The favored proposal of the motorists lobby is to widen the highway adding an additional lane of traffic But last 58
Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 266, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
... For example, it is quite possible that the the city in which Green Highway present pop...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 266, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
... For example, it is quite possible that the the city in which Green Highway present pop...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 968, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...uation of both highways are comparable. Secondly, the argument claims that the m...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 187, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
...eading to less rush-hour traffice. This a again a very weak and unsupported reaso...
^
Line 6, column 81, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... many people like bicycles in that area, how many person who use the bicycle and ...
^^
Line 6, column 87, Rule ID: MANY_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun person seems to be countable; consider using: 'many people', 'many persons'.
Suggestion: many people; many persons
...people like bicycles in that area, how many person who use the bicycle and like the bicycl...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 12, column 135, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
... knowledge of all contributing factors. In this particular case knowing about the ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, first, hence, however, if, regarding, second, secondly, so, then, therefore, while, for example, in conclusion, in fact, such as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 32.0 19.6327345309 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 27.0 11.1786427146 242% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 17.0 13.6137724551 125% => OK
Pronoun: 39.0 28.8173652695 135% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 103.0 55.5748502994 185% => OK
Nominalization: 39.0 16.3942115768 238% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3809.0 2260.96107784 168% => OK
No of words: 745.0 441.139720559 169% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.11275167785 5.12650576532 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 5.22443184738 4.56307096286 114% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.6734690202 2.78398813304 96% => OK
Unique words: 304.0 204.123752495 149% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.408053691275 0.468620217663 87% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 1193.4 705.55239521 169% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 11.0 4.96107784431 222% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 15.0 8.76447105788 171% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 10.0 4.22255489022 237% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 34.0 19.7664670659 172% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 22.8473053892 92% => OK
Sentence length SD: 62.8418746623 57.8364921388 109% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.029411765 119.503703932 94% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.9117647059 23.324526521 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.61764705882 5.70786347227 81% => OK
Paragraphs: 7.0 5.15768463074 136% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 7.0 5.25449101796 133% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 11.0 8.20758483034 134% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 17.0 6.88822355289 247% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.268528987098 0.218282227539 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0758545662895 0.0743258471296 102% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.092773302087 0.0701772020484 132% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.142514417006 0.128457276422 111% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0995268372768 0.0628817314937 158% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.6 14.3799401198 95% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 48.3550499002 104% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.36 12.5979740519 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.15 8.32208582834 98% => OK
difficult_words: 164.0 98.500998004 166% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 12.3882235529 73% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.1389221557 93% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 30 minutes.
Maximum six paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 266, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
... For example, it is quite possible that the the city in which Green Highway present pop...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 266, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
... For example, it is quite possible that the the city in which Green Highway present pop...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 968, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...uation of both highways are comparable. Secondly, the argument claims that the m...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 187, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
...eading to less rush-hour traffice. This a again a very weak and unsupported reaso...
^
Line 6, column 81, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... many people like bicycles in that area, how many person who use the bicycle and ...
^^
Line 6, column 87, Rule ID: MANY_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun person seems to be countable; consider using: 'many people', 'many persons'.
Suggestion: many people; many persons
...people like bicycles in that area, how many person who use the bicycle and like the bicycl...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 12, column 135, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
... knowledge of all contributing factors. In this particular case knowing about the ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, first, hence, however, if, regarding, second, secondly, so, then, therefore, while, for example, in conclusion, in fact, such as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 32.0 19.6327345309 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 27.0 11.1786427146 242% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 17.0 13.6137724551 125% => OK
Pronoun: 39.0 28.8173652695 135% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 103.0 55.5748502994 185% => OK
Nominalization: 39.0 16.3942115768 238% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3809.0 2260.96107784 168% => OK
No of words: 745.0 441.139720559 169% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.11275167785 5.12650576532 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 5.22443184738 4.56307096286 114% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.6734690202 2.78398813304 96% => OK
Unique words: 304.0 204.123752495 149% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.408053691275 0.468620217663 87% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 1193.4 705.55239521 169% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 11.0 4.96107784431 222% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 15.0 8.76447105788 171% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 10.0 4.22255489022 237% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 34.0 19.7664670659 172% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 22.8473053892 92% => OK
Sentence length SD: 62.8418746623 57.8364921388 109% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.029411765 119.503703932 94% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.9117647059 23.324526521 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.61764705882 5.70786347227 81% => OK
Paragraphs: 7.0 5.15768463074 136% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 7.0 5.25449101796 133% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 11.0 8.20758483034 134% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 17.0 6.88822355289 247% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.268528987098 0.218282227539 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0758545662895 0.0743258471296 102% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.092773302087 0.0701772020484 132% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.142514417006 0.128457276422 111% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0995268372768 0.0628817314937 158% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.6 14.3799401198 95% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 48.3550499002 104% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.36 12.5979740519 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.15 8.32208582834 98% => OK
difficult_words: 164.0 98.500998004 166% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 12.3882235529 73% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.1389221557 93% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 30 minutes.
Maximum six paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.