The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette.
"On Balmer Island, where mopeds serve as a popular form of transportation, the population increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island should limit the number of mopeds rented by the island's moped rental companies from 50 per day to 25 per day during the summer season. By limiting the number of rentals, the town council will attain the 50 percent annual reduction in moped accidents that was achieved last year on the neighboring island of Seaville, when Seaville's town council enforced similar limits on moped rentals."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">In the above letter to the editor the author is of the
opinion that the number of moped rentals should be limited as to reduce the
number of accidents in summer time. He/She states that on the basis of similar
measures taken on the neighboring island which helped to reduce accidents
there. However, to validate whether the recommendation will the desired outcome
there are a few questions that need to be answered.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">First of all, the author assumes that only mopeds
contribute to accidents with pedestrians. And there is no supporting evidence to
back this claim. It very well may be that the increase in accidents is also
related to an increase in the number of pedestrians as well as other vehicles
during time. This would leave the argument with a serious flaw as then the
recommendation would not have any significant effect on accident reduction. In
fact, the number of increase in accidents may not be related to the number of
vehicles but rather with the care free attitudes of the visitors and tourists
who come to the island! </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Also, it is stated that the neighboring island
achieved the desired outcome by limiting the number of mopeds in their towns. But
what exactly these measures are is not stated. It very well may be that in addition
to moped rental limits, they imposed similar limits on other vehicles as well.
And even perhaps made a better campaign to make pedestrians more aware. If so
then it would mean that simply imposing a moped rental limit would not be
sufficient to reduce the number of accidents. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Even if the moped contributes to accidents with the pedestrians,
the reduction in 50% of accidents by reducing moped rentals may very well not
be true as no supporting evidence is given. For example, it may be that accidents
which involve only mopeds and pedestrians may be in actuality only 10% o the
total accidents. Other accidents may have a third larger vehicles involved
which force the mopeds and pedestrians to move out of their way and unwillingly
collide into each other! In that case reducing the number of rentals to half
would not reduce the number of accidents to half. In fact, may not reduce in
any meaningful way at all.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">In conclusion, more specific details of the accidents,
steps taken by the other islands, weather or not other factors such as increased
pedestrians and pedestrian awareness need to be investigated to evaluate the
recommendation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><br></p>
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- The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette."On Balmer Island, where mopeds serve as a popular form of transportation, the population increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents i 55
- "Over the past two years, the number of shoppers in Central Plaza has been steadily decreasing while the popularity of skateboarding has increased dramatically. Many Central Plaza store owners believe that the decrease in their business is due to the numb 59
Comments
Essay evaluation report
argument 1 -- OK
argument 2 -- OK
argument 3 -- not OK
----------------
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 21 15
No. of Words: 682 350
No. of Characters: 4116 1500
No. of Different Words: 216 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 5.11 4.7
Average Word Length: 6.035 4.6
Word Length SD: 4.202 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 285 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 235 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 160 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 133 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 32.476 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 16.457 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.714 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.382 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.401 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.106 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 2 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 362, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , sans-serif
...ize:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times N...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 6, column 24, Rule ID: SUMMER_TIME[2]
Message: Use simply 'summer'.
Suggestion: summer
...s to reduce the number of accidents in summer time. He/She states that on the basis of sim...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 424, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , sans-serif
...ize:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times N...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 19, column 397, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , sans-serif
...ize:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times N...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 25, column 72, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...ampaign to make pedestrians more aware. If so then it would mean that simply impo...
^^
Line 27, column 419, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , sans-serif
...ize:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times N...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 37, column 399, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , sans-serif
...ize:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times N...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, may, so, then, third, well, as to, for example, in addition, in conclusion, in fact, such as, as well as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 18.0 19.6327345309 92% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 17.0 12.9520958084 131% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 11.1786427146 89% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 13.6137724551 103% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 28.8173652695 80% => OK
Preposition: 64.0 55.5748502994 115% => OK
Nominalization: 21.0 16.3942115768 128% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 4741.0 2260.96107784 210% => Less number of characters wanted.
No of words: 550.0 441.139720559 125% => OK
Chars per words: 8.62 5.12650576532 168% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.84273464058 4.56307096286 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 10.1182661109 2.78398813304 363% => Word_Length_SD is high.
Unique words: 204.0 204.123752495 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.370909090909 0.468620217663 79% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 1290.6 705.55239521 183% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 2.3 1.59920159681 144% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 4.96107784431 141% => OK
Article: 3.0 8.76447105788 34% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 4.22255489022 142% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 19.7664670659 76% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 36.0 22.8473053892 158% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 335.907765118 57.8364921388 581% => The lengths of sentences changed so frequently.
Chars per sentence: 316.066666667 119.503703932 264% => Less chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 36.6666666667 23.324526521 157% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.93333333333 5.70786347227 174% => OK
Paragraphs: 42.0 5.15768463074 814% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 7.0 5.25449101796 133% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 8.20758483034 85% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 6.88822355289 102% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.67664670659 21% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0822990756698 0.218282227539 38% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0510393156188 0.0743258471296 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0398734730569 0.0701772020484 57% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0439090049514 0.128457276422 34% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0392251347348 0.0628817314937 62% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 37.5 14.3799401198 261% => Automated_readability_index is high.
flesch_reading_ease: -24.28 48.3550499002 -50% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 15.9 7.1628742515 222% => Smog_index is high.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 25.6 12.197005988 210% => Flesch kincaid grade is high.
coleman_liau_index: 33.31 12.5979740519 264% => Coleman_liau_index is high.
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.52 8.32208582834 102% => OK
difficult_words: 108.0 98.500998004 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 22.5 12.3882235529 182% => OK
gunning_fog: 16.4 11.1389221557 147% => OK
text_standard: 16.0 11.9071856287 134% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum six paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.