The following appeared as a letter to the editor from a Central Plaza store owner.
"Over the past two years, the number of shoppers in Central Plaza has been steadily decreasing while the popularity of skateboarding has increased dramatically. Many Central Plaza store owners believe that the decrease in their business is due to the number of skateboard users in the plaza. There has also been a dramatic increase in the amount of litter and vandalism throughout the plaza. Thus, we recommend that the city prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. If skateboarding is prohibited here, we predict that business in Central Plaza will return to its previously high levels."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
The writer predicts that the banning of skateboarding in Central Plaza will cause the normalization of business in the plaza. This is based on some premises he/she has identified. For this prediction to be true, there are three pertinent questions that need to be answered.
Firstly, the writer assumes that the increase in the popularity of skateboarding is the primary cause of the decline witnessed in the number of shoppers in the plaza over the past two years. Can the writer demonstrate a direct relationship between the decline of shoppers and the rise in skateboarding? Could the decline be as a result of other factors including the decline in quality of business within the plaza, increase in price of goods sold by the shop owners or the use of the shops for other things by the owners giving it out? Also, there is the possibility of novel shops around the area of the plaza which could be the reason for the decline of people coming to Central Plaza. For this to prediction to be accurate, the author needs to demonstrate a causal-effect relationship between these two parameters.
Furthermore, the author assumes that the number of shop owners asked about their opinion on the cause of the decline in business activities are truly representative of the business owners in the plaza. The author should be asked about possible scenario where there is increase in sales of skateboarding utilities. If such shop owners are asked the same question, they would probably beg to differ on the assertion made concerning the drop in sales within the plaza. In addition, the increase in skateboarding could have caused an increase in sales of other consumables. In order for the assumption to hold ground, the author needs to provide the answer to the question, which segment of the Central Plaza shop owners belief that the decline is as a result of increase in skateboarding within the plaza.
Finally, the authors stated that there has been an increase in the amount of litter and vandalism within the plaza. The question is, what proof does the writer have to back this claim? What was the waste generated volume prior to the time this observation was made and what is the current waste volume? What evidence does the writer has to bolster his/her claim that the increase is as a result of increase skateboarding in the plaza? Has the author ruled out the possibility of miscreants bugling the plaza or possible increase of delinquent within the plaza as a cause of the increase litters and vandalism within the plaza? For the assumption to be valid, the author needs to rule out all other recourse before this recommendation can be made.
In conclusion, the prediction that the business in Central Plaza will skyrocket following the banning of skateboarding activities can only be valid if the author can provide strong evidence to support his prediction by answering the questions highlighted above especially, demonstrating the direct relationship between the increase in skateboarding activities and effects stated in the argument.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 8 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 5 2
No. of Sentences: 20 15
No. of Words: 509 350
No. of Characters: 2495 1500
No. of Different Words: 191 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.75 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.902 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.797 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 175 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 124 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 90 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 55 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 25.45 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 11.36 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.5 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.366 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.552 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.119 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 334, Rule ID: DOES_NP_VBZ[1]
Message: Did you mean 'have'?
Suggestion: have
...e volume? What evidence does the writer has to bolster his/her claim that the incre...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, firstly, furthermore, if, so, as to, in addition, in conclusion, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 23.0 19.6327345309 117% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 12.9520958084 93% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 11.1786427146 63% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 13.6137724551 81% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 28.8173652695 80% => OK
Preposition: 91.0 55.5748502994 164% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2550.0 2260.96107784 113% => OK
No of words: 507.0 441.139720559 115% => OK
Chars per words: 5.02958579882 5.12650576532 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.74517233601 4.56307096286 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.85237789603 2.78398813304 102% => OK
Unique words: 191.0 204.123752495 94% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.376725838264 0.468620217663 80% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 801.0 705.55239521 114% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 4.96107784431 40% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.76447105788 126% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 19.7664670659 101% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 22.8473053892 109% => OK
Sentence length SD: 73.769556729 57.8364921388 128% => OK
Chars per sentence: 127.5 119.503703932 107% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.35 23.324526521 109% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.9 5.70786347227 86% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 5.25449101796 19% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 12.0 8.20758483034 146% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 6.88822355289 29% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.254992382964 0.218282227539 117% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0917299075513 0.0743258471296 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0790121443723 0.0701772020484 113% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.158307033672 0.128457276422 123% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0385047378266 0.0628817314937 61% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.9 14.3799401198 104% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 46.1 48.3550499002 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 12.197005988 107% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.19 12.5979740519 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.8 8.32208582834 94% => OK
difficult_words: 94.0 98.500998004 95% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 12.3882235529 69% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 11.1389221557 108% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.