The following is part of a memorandum from the president of Humana University.
"Last year the number of students who enrolled in online degree programs offered by nearby Omni University increased by 50 percent. During the same year, Omni showed a significant decrease from prior years in expenditures for dormitory and classroom space, most likely because online instruction takes place via the Internet. In contrast, over the past three years, enrollment at Humana University has failed to grow and the cost of maintaining buildings has increased. Thus, to increase enrollment and solve the problem of budget deficits at Humana University, we should initiate and actively promote online degree programs like those at Omni."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The president mentions that the successful increase in online enrollment from nearby Omni University should be followed by Humana University as the solution to tackle the pronlems of declining enrollment and the growth of the total cost. However, the recommendation has been given based on unwarranted assumptions which require further examinations.
First of all, there are two issues that the Humana University would like to solve, which are dropping enrollment and increasing total cost of maintaining buildings. However, the success appeared in Omni University only potentially solve the problem of the maintaining cost of buildings since most of the courses are conducted online. Another critical issue remains unanswered is that whether the growth of online enrollment will take the price of the drop of the normal enrollment. Therefore, when we are not given the information that whether the total enrollment is growing or not, it is difficult to say that this solution is suitable for the Humana University to take.
Apart from this, another critical missing point is that Humana University is different from Omni University. Therefore, when the differences are not considered, it is problematic to say that the solution will be effective. For example, the target students may be different. It is poosible that the target students of Omni University are tech geeks who are already familiar with online teaching, while the more preferred sutudents in Humana University are philosophy types of people who apprciate face to face teaching. If this difference is ignored, and blindly adopt the online initiative of Omni University, what can be foreseen will be a further drop of the enrollment in Humana University instead of the original plan of enrollment growth.
Last, the success in Omni University only last for one year, so it is too early to say whether the success can sustain or not. What if the next year, the enrollment in Omni University declines, both in online and face to face teaching? Then will it still be a desirable solution for Humana University to cope with? What I would like to emphasize is that one year success is generally too short to validate a solution, not to mention the problem that Humana University would like to solve has already existed for around three years. Therefore, more important issues for Humana University to consider is to find out the root cause of the enrollment drop and tune their own solutions that can address the critical issues that they faced.
In summary, due to the lack of overall enrollment development in Omni University, and the neglect of the differeneces of these two universities, as well as the wrong assumption based on short-term success all make the statement questionable.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 446 350
No. of Characters: 2259 1500
No. of Different Words: 192 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.596 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.065 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.795 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 162 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 133 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 99 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 72 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 26.235 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.825 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.824 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.371 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.569 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.098 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, however, if, may, so, still, then, therefore, well, while, apart from, for example, in summary, as well as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 28.0 19.6327345309 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 12.9520958084 93% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 18.0 13.6137724551 132% => OK
Pronoun: 25.0 28.8173652695 87% => OK
Preposition: 59.0 55.5748502994 106% => OK
Nominalization: 23.0 16.3942115768 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2316.0 2260.96107784 102% => OK
No of words: 446.0 441.139720559 101% => OK
Chars per words: 5.19282511211 5.12650576532 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.5955099915 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.87389373803 2.78398813304 103% => OK
Unique words: 204.0 204.123752495 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.457399103139 0.468620217663 98% => OK
syllable_count: 755.1 705.55239521 107% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.76447105788 68% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 2.70958083832 185% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 26.0 22.8473053892 114% => OK
Sentence length SD: 59.2532538928 57.8364921388 102% => OK
Chars per sentence: 136.235294118 119.503703932 114% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.2352941176 23.324526521 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.47058823529 5.70786347227 131% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.327704226529 0.218282227539 150% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.113954119987 0.0743258471296 153% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.084929286169 0.0701772020484 121% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.18892773687 0.128457276422 147% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0763254624843 0.0628817314937 121% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.1 14.3799401198 112% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 36.63 48.3550499002 76% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 7.1628742515 156% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 14.6 12.197005988 120% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.12 12.5979740519 104% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.36 8.32208582834 100% => OK
difficult_words: 97.0 98.500998004 98% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 12.3882235529 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 11.1389221557 111% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.9071856287 126% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.