“If we want to save money on municipal garbage disposal fees, we need to encourage our residents to recycle more. Late last year, our neighboring town, Hayesworth, passed a law requiring that all households recycle paper and glass, or pay a fine. Since that time, Hayesworth has seen its garbage disposal costs significantly decrease. If we implemented an advertising campaign encouraging our residents to recycle, Masontown would also save money on disposal of its waste.”Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
The argument presented makes some unwarranted assumptions in reaching the conclusion that an advertising campaign encouraging citizens to recycle would help in decreasing Masontown's municipal garbage disposal fees. It fails to provide relevant supporting arguments and other necessary details to support its recommendation.
First, the argument states that encouraging residents to recycle more will help saving money on municipal garbage disposal fees. So, it is a possibility that the a significant amount of people might be recycling but the municipal fees charged might be exorbitantly high, which leads to higher spending even though recycling is taking place. We are not provided specific data about the fees levied and level of recycling people in Masontown were already doing in order to make a fair assessment. Also, the population of Hayesworth and Masontown needs to be compared in order to assess the amount of garbage that the towns generate without recycling. If the population of Hayestown is significantly lower, it already had lower disposal costs than Masontown.
Second, the neighbour town Hayesworth had passed a law making recycling compulsory for all households, with a fine as penalty. Now, in the letter provided, an advertising campaign is being recommended. Codifying something into law makes it compulsory and helps in better enforcement. Out of fear of consequences, people tend to follow it. While an advertising campaign might be effective in spreading awareness, it cannot be expected to have the same effect as a strict law. People of Masontown might end up ignoring the campaign completely. Also, the money spent on advertising which might or might not be effective might lead to more spending adding to the town's monetary issues.
Finally, it is said that after the passing of the law, the garbage disposal costs in Hayesworth decreased significantly. But, the argument fails to provide detailed information about the decrease. The passing of the law might not be the only reason behind the decrease, it could be a number of other outside factors, like decreased costs of municipality disposal or in general people generating less garbage. We cannot falsely attribute the decrease to the law without relevant data being provided.
Thus, the argument has some yawning gaps to fill before we can evaluate the recommendation. Thus, an advertising campaign encouraging recycling cannot be posited as a solution to Masontown's garbage disposal spending. All things considered, due to lack of credible evidence in its favour, the argument cannot be rendered reasonable. The lack of details provided and the fallacious basis provided for the recommendation lead to an ambiguous argument, which has a lot of logical flaws.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 1 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 3 2
No. of Sentences: 22 15
No. of Words: 430 350
No. of Characters: 2273 1500
No. of Different Words: 206 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.554 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.286 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.953 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 179 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 144 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 115 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 71 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 19.545 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 7.408 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.545 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.298 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.429 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.09 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 3 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 81, Rule ID: ADVISE_VBG[5]
Message: The verb 'help' is used with infinitive: 'to save' or 'save'.
Suggestion: to save; save
...ing residents to recycle more will help saving money on municipal garbage disposal fee...
^^^^^^
Line 2, column 158, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'a' is left.
Suggestion: the; a
...osal fees. So, it is a possibility that the a significant amount of people might be r...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, if, second, so, thus, while, in general
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 19.0 19.6327345309 97% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 16.0 12.9520958084 124% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 13.6137724551 59% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 18.0 28.8173652695 62% => OK
Preposition: 58.0 55.5748502994 104% => OK
Nominalization: 16.0 16.3942115768 98% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2326.0 2260.96107784 103% => OK
No of words: 430.0 441.139720559 97% => OK
Chars per words: 5.40930232558 5.12650576532 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.55372829156 4.56307096286 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.02064645891 2.78398813304 109% => OK
Unique words: 216.0 204.123752495 106% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.502325581395 0.468620217663 107% => OK
syllable_count: 729.9 705.55239521 103% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 13.0 8.76447105788 148% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 22.0 19.7664670659 111% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 22.8473053892 83% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 44.7134124866 57.8364921388 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 105.727272727 119.503703932 88% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.5454545455 23.324526521 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.0 5.70786347227 53% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 5.25449101796 38% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 6.88822355289 145% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.211868143346 0.218282227539 97% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0666809432408 0.0743258471296 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0690425186408 0.0701772020484 98% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.123147679249 0.128457276422 96% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0542228518101 0.0628817314937 86% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.8 14.3799401198 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 43.73 48.3550499002 90% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 12.197005988 98% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.1 12.5979740519 112% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.54 8.32208582834 103% => OK
difficult_words: 108.0 98.500998004 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 12.5 12.3882235529 101% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 11.1389221557 86% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.