from a letter to the editor of a city newspaper
one recent research study has indicated that many adolescents need more sleep than they are getting, and another study has shown that many high school students in our city are actually dissatisfied with their own academic performance. as a way of combating these problems, the high schools in our city should begin classes at 8:30 A.M. instead of 7:30, and end the school an hour later. This arrangement will give students an extra hour of sleep in the morning, thereby making them more alert and more productive. Consequently, the students will perform better on tests and other assignments, and their academic skills will improve significantly.
The argument was about that many adolescents do not get sleep as much as they need and many school students dissatisfied with their academic performances. because of that, the author suggested start school one hour later than when it was fixed. The author confluence two different arguments into one conclusion. The argument is based on unwarranted reasons and flawed for the following reasons.
First of all, the author merges two different arguments to extract one conclusion. It might be possible that adolescents were not getting their sleep and many students unhappy with their performance, but that does not prove that less sleep harms the performance of the students. It might be possible that the sleep was not complete because of the students stay wake long nights and because of that their sleep was not complete. If they go early to bed then might they could fulfill their sleep. Besides, there are no data provided by the author that they conduct a survey on students that because of the incomplete sleep the performance was hindered. If the survey had been done, there is no actual data on how many students take part in that survey.
The author also claimed that academic performance was disturbed because of incomplete sleep. By this claim, the author ignored the school or academic's responsibility. It might be possible that the students were dissatisfied with their performance on a single subject or maybe with specific exam performance. The is no pragmatic data that proves that the students dissatisfied with their overall academic performance. the author also ignored the faults of students and their study pattern.
The author also claimed that by temporizing the time by one hour the students might get extra sleep, but there is not a certainty that late school timings for one hor could help the students. It might be possible that may school started the class after 8:30 am, even after that students could not complete their sleep. Since there is no data that proves how students feel about the school timing or how many schools start the class at 7:30 am. it might be possible that by early start the class they school finished early and students get their sleep after they get back their home.
The following argument is flawed and based on unwarranted reasons. The author failed to provide any convincing data that proves that the incomplete sleep caused the dissatisfied academic performance or by postponed the school timing for one hour the problem will be solved.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 18 15
No. of Words: 419 350
No. of Characters: 2045 1500
No. of Different Words: 155 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.524 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.881 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.504 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 132 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 97 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 71 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 38 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 23.278 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 11.415 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.5 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.384 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.581 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.117 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 156, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Because
...sfied with their academic performances. because of that, the author suggested start sch...
^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 428, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...e of that their sleep was not complete. If they go early to bed then might they co...
^^
Line 3, column 417, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...ith their overall academic performance. the author also ignored the faults of stude...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, besides, but, first, if, may, so, then, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 22.0 19.6327345309 112% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 12.9520958084 100% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 11.1786427146 116% => OK
Relative clauses : 23.0 13.6137724551 169% => OK
Pronoun: 46.0 28.8173652695 160% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 36.0 55.5748502994 65% => OK
Nominalization: 12.0 16.3942115768 73% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2085.0 2260.96107784 92% => OK
No of words: 417.0 441.139720559 95% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.0 5.12650576532 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.5189133491 4.56307096286 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.55198243899 2.78398813304 92% => OK
Unique words: 161.0 204.123752495 79% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.386091127098 0.468620217663 82% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 617.4 705.55239521 88% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.76447105788 137% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 21.0 19.7664670659 106% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 22.8473053892 83% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 43.8963425457 57.8364921388 76% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.2857142857 119.503703932 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.8571428571 23.324526521 85% => OK
Discourse Markers: 2.7619047619 5.70786347227 48% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 8.20758483034 24% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 15.0 6.88822355289 218% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.67664670659 86% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.233182839027 0.218282227539 107% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.08351782529 0.0743258471296 112% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.072258568616 0.0701772020484 103% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.143913043769 0.128457276422 112% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0503167920434 0.0628817314937 80% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.1 14.3799401198 84% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 48.3550499002 125% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 12.197005988 78% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.72 12.5979740519 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 6.81 8.32208582834 82% => OK
difficult_words: 59.0 98.500998004 60% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 12.3882235529 69% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 11.1389221557 86% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.9071856287 84% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.