In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States. Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to North America by European explorers known as the Norse, who traveled across the Atlantic Ocean and came into contact with Native Americans almost a thousand years ago.
However, some archaeologists believe that the coin is not a genuine piece of historical evidence but a historical fake: they think that the coin was placed at the site recently by someone who wanted to mislead the public. There are three main reasons why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine historical evidence.
Great Distance from Norse Settlements
First, the Native American site in Maine where the coin was discovered is located very far from other sites documenting a Norse presence in North America. Remains of Norse settlements have been discovered in far eastern Canada. The distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements.
No Other Coins Found
A second problem is that no other coins have been found at the Canadian sites that were inhabited by the Norse. This suggests that the Norse did not bring any silver coins with them to their North American settlements.
No Use for European Coins
Third, the Norse who traveled to North America would have understood that silver coins would most likely be useless to them. Silver coins may have been in wide use in Europe at the time, but the Norse, as experienced explorers, would have known that native North Americans did not recognize silver coins as money.
Recently, there have been a ton of debates about the origin of a European silver coin found at Native American archeological sites in the United States. According to the reading passage, the writer puts forth the idea that the coin is a historical fake evidence. In the listening, the lecturer is quick to point out there are some serious flaws in the writer's claims. The professor believes that the coin represents genuine evidence. He addresses the trouble with each point made in the reading text.
First and foremost, the author of the reading states that there is a large distance between Norse settlements and the place where the coin was found. Some professionals in the same field, however, stand in firm opposition to this claim. In the listening, for example, the professor states that some native Americans traveled a great distance in North America. He adds that the native Americans interested in getting things from far away.
One group of scholars, represented by the writer, thinks archeologists did not find any coins in Norse settlements. Though, not all experts in this field believe this is right. Again, the speaker specifically addresses this point when he states that the Europeans picked up all the coins with them when they returned to Europe. And when they came back to North America, they took the coins back.
Finally, the author wraps his argument by positing that Norse would have known that the European silver coins did not have any value in North America. The lecturer takes this issue with his claim by contending that the Norse valued beautiful and valuable things. So, for sure they might value the silver coin
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 9, column 117, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Though” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...ot find any coins in Norse settlements. Though, not all experts in this field believe ...
^^^^^^
Line 13, column 309, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...or sure they might value the silver coin
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, however, if, so, for example
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 7.0 10.4613686534 67% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1385.0 1373.03311258 101% => OK
No of words: 277.0 270.72406181 102% => OK
Chars per words: 5.0 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.07962216107 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.46771962794 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 150.0 145.348785872 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.541516245487 0.540411800872 100% => OK
syllable_count: 418.5 419.366225166 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 35.1807831067 49.2860985944 71% => OK
Chars per sentence: 86.5625 110.228320801 79% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.3125 21.698381199 80% => OK
Discourse Markers: 2.75 7.06452816374 39% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.281153488646 0.272083759551 103% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0862458847929 0.0996497079465 87% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0881588873595 0.0662205650399 133% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.163168940691 0.162205337803 101% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0437702981795 0.0443174109184 99% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.8 13.3589403974 81% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.42 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.56 8.42419426049 90% => OK
difficult_words: 54.0 63.6247240618 85% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 78.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.