The article presents three arguments why pterosaurs were not capable of powered flight. However, all of them are questioned in the lecture.
For starters, in contrast to what the reading suggests, that pterosaurs are cold-blooded animals that cannot generate sufficient energy for powered flight, the lecturer points out that they have hair-like structures, indicating that pterosaurs might be warm-blooded creatures. So their metabolism was fast enough to produce adequate energy for powered flight.
Second, the lecturer does not agree that pterosaurs were too heavy for powered flight. In fact, the anatomical structures made quite light. For example, their bones were hollow instead of solid, so they were light compared to their size. Therefore, they could flap their wings and stay in the air.
Finally, Opposite to what the reading suggests, the lecturer believes that pterosaurs could launch from the ground, even though their muscles were weak. Unlike birds, which use two limbs to walk, pterosaurs could use four limbs to push themselves. So they could generate enough power to take off.
The article presents three arguments why pterosaurs were not capable of powered flight. However, all of them are questioned in the lecture.
For starters, in contrast to what the reading suggests, that pterosaurs are cold-blooded animals that cannot generate sufficient energy for powered flight, the lecturer points out that they have hair-like structures, indicating that pterosaurs might be warm-blooded creatures. So their metabolism was fast enough to produce adequate energy for powered flight.
Second, the lecturer does not agree that pterosaurs were too heavy for powered flight. In fact, the anatomical structures made quite light. For example, their bones were hollow instead of solid, so they were light compared to their size. Therefore, they could flap their wings and stay in the air.
Finally, Opposite to what the reading suggests, the lecturer believes that pterosaurs could launch from the ground, even though their muscles were weak. Unlike birds, which use two limbs to walk, pterosaurs could use four limbs to push themselves. So they could generate enough power to take off.
- The article presents three arguments why pterosaurs were not capable of powered flight. However, all of them are questioned in the lecture.For starters, in contrast to what the reading suggests, that pterosaurs are cold-blooded animals that cannot generat 70
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 71
- It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends. 70
- Offering employees the option of a four-day workweek won't affect the company profits, economic conditions or the lives of employees in the ways the reading suggests. 81
- Pterosaurs were an ancient group of winged reptiles that lived alongside the dinosaurs. Many pterosaurs were very large, some as large as a giraffe and with a wingspan of over 12 meters. Paleontologists have long wondered whether large pterosaurs were cap 3
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, however, second, so, therefore, for example, in contrast, in fact, in contrast to
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 1.0 7.30242825607 14% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 17.0 22.412803532 76% => OK
Preposition: 19.0 30.3222958057 63% => OK
Nominalization: 0.0 5.01324503311 0% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 940.0 1373.03311258 68% => OK
No of words: 171.0 270.72406181 63% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.49707602339 5.08290768461 108% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.61617157096 4.04702891845 89% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.53300770615 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 104.0 145.348785872 72% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.608187134503 0.540411800872 113% => OK
syllable_count: 271.8 419.366225166 65% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 62.8712445274 49.2860985944 128% => OK
Chars per sentence: 85.4545454545 110.228320801 78% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.5454545455 21.698381199 72% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.18181818182 7.06452816374 116% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.489693008178 0.272083759551 180% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.170965497753 0.0996497079465 172% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.165388747748 0.0662205650399 250% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.3269263929 0.162205337803 202% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.212445611281 0.0443174109184 479% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 56.25 53.8541721854 104% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.32 12.2367328918 117% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.07 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 40.0 63.6247240618 63% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.