Endotherms are animals such as modern birds and mammals that keep their body temperatures constant. For instance, humans are endotherms and maintain an internal temperature of 37°C, no matter whether the environment is warm or cold. Because dinosaurs were reptiles, and modern reptiles are not endotherms, it was long assumed that dinosaurs were not endotherms. However, dinosaurs differ in many ways from modem reptiles, and there is now considerable evidence that dinosaurs were, in fact, endotherms.
Polar dinosaurs One reason for believing that dinosaurs were endotherms is that dinosaur fossils have been discovered in polar regions. Only animals that can maintain a temperature well above that of the surrounding environment could be active in such cold climates.
Leg position and movement There is a connection between the endothermy and the position and movement of the legs. The physiology of endothermy allows sustained physical activity, such as running. But running is efficient only if an animal's legs are positioned underneath its body, not at the body's side, as they are for crocodiles and many lizards. The legs of all modern endotherms are underneath the body, and so were the legs of dinosaurs. This strongly suggests that dinosaurs were endotherms.
Haversian canals There is also a connection between endothermy and bone structure. The bones of endotherms usually include structures called Haversian canals. These canals house nerves and blood vessels that allow the living animal to grow quickly, and rapid body growth is in fact a characteristic of endothermy. The presence of Haversian canals in bone is a strong indicator that the animal is an endotherm, and fossilized bones of dinosaurs are usually dense with Haversian canals.
The author and The lecturer talk about an endotherms species. endotherms are those living organisms that can maintain a constant body temperature. In the passage, The author tries to prove that dinosaurs were also endotherms. According to the passage, dinosaurs were reptiles, and today, modern reptiles do not belong to an endotherm category, so it is assumed that long back, dinosaurs were also not endotherm. However, the author presents the fact to oppose the idea. While the professor mentions her reasons in support of the argument.
Firstly, The author takes the example of polar dinosaurs, he says that the discovery of polar dinosaurs fossil in the polar region support the idea that they are also an endotherm because only animal with feature to maintain temperature can survive there. but, the lecturer opposes the claim by saying that Although the fossils are found in the polar region, during, the winter season, polar dinosaurs use to migrate to the warmer area.
Secondly, The author talks about the leg position and movement in order to support his claim. he says that there is a relation between an endothermy animal and the position of the leg. An endotherms sustain physical activity such as running, so dinosaurs with their leg underneath their body are capable to do so Hence, this proves that dinosaurs were of the same category. Nevertheless, The lecturer opposes the idea by commenting that such big legs were there to support dinosaurs' body weight.
Lastly, The author says there is also a connection of an endotherm with bone structure. The bone of such species use to have Haversian canal. this canal plays a significant role in the growth of endotherms, and such kind of bone structure is also found in the dinosaurs' fossil which proves that they also belonged to an endotherm family. but, the professor argues that the fossils of dinosaurs were also found with the bone ring which affects the growth rate. True endotherm organisms do not have such a bone ring which shows that dinosaurs are not an endothermy
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 43, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'endotherms'' or 'endotherm's'?
Suggestion: endotherms'; endotherm's
...e author and The lecturer talk about an endotherms species. endotherms are those living or...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 63, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Endotherms
...turer talk about an endotherms species. endotherms are those living organisms that can mai...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 471, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “While” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...r presents the fact to oppose the idea. While the professor mentions her reasons in s...
^^^^^
Line 4, column 95, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'dinosaurs'' or 'dinosaur's'?
Suggestion: dinosaurs'; dinosaur's
...rs, he says that the discovery of polar dinosaurs fossil in the polar region support the ...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 257, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: But
...maintain temperature can survive there. but, the lecturer opposes the claim by sayi...
^^^
Line 4, column 307, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ecturer opposes the claim by saying that Although the fossils are found in the po...
^^
Line 4, column 369, Rule ID: THE_FALL_SEASON[1]
Message: Use simply 'winter'.
Suggestion: winter
... are found in the polar region, during, the winter season, polar dinosaurs use to migrate to the ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 404, Rule ID: USE_TO_VERB[1]
Message: Did you mean 'used'?
Suggestion: used
...ing, the winter season, polar dinosaurs use to migrate to the warmer area. Sec...
^^^
Line 7, column 95, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...movement in order to support his claim. he says that there is a relation between a...
^^
Line 7, column 186, Rule ID: A_PLURAL[1]
Message: Don't use indefinite articles with plural words. Did you mean 'An endotherm' or simply 'endotherms'?
Suggestion: An endotherm; Endotherms
...rmy animal and the position of the leg. An endotherms sustain physical activity such as runni...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 10, column 114, Rule ID: USE_TO_VERB[1]
Message: Did you mean 'used'?
Suggestion: used
...one structure. The bone of such species use to have Haversian canal. this canal pla...
^^^
Line 10, column 143, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...ch species use to have Haversian canal. this canal plays a significant role in the g...
^^^^
Line 10, column 261, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'dinosaurs'' or 'dinosaur's'?
Suggestion: dinosaurs'; dinosaur's
... of bone structure is also found in the dinosaurs fossil which proves that they also belo...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 10, column 339, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: But
...y also belonged to an endotherm family. but, the professor argues that the fossils ...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, hence, however, if, lastly, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, while, kind of, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 39.0 30.3222958057 129% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1713.0 1373.03311258 125% => OK
No of words: 340.0 270.72406181 126% => OK
Chars per words: 5.03823529412 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.29407602571 4.04702891845 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54080028534 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 152.0 145.348785872 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.447058823529 0.540411800872 83% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 537.3 419.366225166 128% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 57.9761912713 49.2860985944 118% => OK
Chars per sentence: 100.764705882 110.228320801 91% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.0 21.698381199 92% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.70588235294 7.06452816374 95% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 14.0 4.19205298013 334% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 4.33554083885 185% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 0.0 4.45695364238 0% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.27373068433 211% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.253399983069 0.272083759551 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0877268485923 0.0996497079465 88% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0653450789186 0.0662205650399 99% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.159921138328 0.162205337803 99% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0414823733191 0.0443174109184 94% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.95 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.25 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 78.0 63.6247240618 123% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.