Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible
First, atmospheric pressure at Venus’ surface is at least 90 times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface This means that a force of 100 kilograms is pressing down on every square centimeter of surface All spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. Almost anything humans might land on Venus would be crushed as well.
Second, as far as we know, there are no reservoirs of water on Venus’ surface, and the planet s atmosphere, made up mostly of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfuric acid, contains hardly any oxygen or water vapor Water and oxygen would therefore probably have to be supplied to Venus from Earth. The idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical in the extreme and would probably defeat the purpose of establishing a permanent station on Venus.
Third, very little sunlight reaches the planet s surface. About 60 percent of the sunlight that hits Venus is reflected back into space by the thick clouds that fill the atmosphere, which means that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through the clouds Below these clouds is a dense layer of carbon dioxide, which blocks even more light, so very little light reaches the surface. The lack of light would prevent the use of solar power cells, so humans could not get electricity to power their machines and equipment.
Scientists believe that it is possible to maintain in the Moon and Mars but presence of human on the Venus is impossible due to the author's opinion. He states several challenges that could not be addressed to stay on the Venus. Agreeing on these challenges, the professor suggests methods to tackle them to stay on Venus.
First, the article claims that the air pressure on the Venus is so high, as much as 100 kilograms per square centimeter of surface, that every equipment on it's surface will be crushed. On the other hand, the lecturer states that the higher the altitude the lower the pressure and proposes that the stations could be maintained up in the air like balloons. According to him, if the the stations float in the air at about 50 kilometers from the surface the pressure will be equal to that of the earth.
Second, the reading points the problem of obtaining water and air since they are so little amount of them on the Venus. He states that water and air must be supplied to them regularly from the earth which is impossible in practice. However, the professor avers that Venus's atmosphere is made up of plenty of compound materials which can used to produce the needed air and water in chemical processes.
Third, the passage claims that because of the thick layers of clouds in Venus's atmosphere about 60 percent of the sunlight reflects back into the space so there would not be enough sunlight to use solar power cells to produce necessary electrical energy to power their machines and equipment. Even tough the professor agrees that even at the floating stations sunlight would be reflected to some extent, he avers that above 50 kilometers the clouds are not that thick and enough sunlight will reach to power the equipment. Furthermore, the reflected light could also be used to collect energy by means of solar cells.
- A huge marine mammal known as Steller’s sea cow once lived in the waters around Bering Island off the coast of Siberia. It was described in 1741 by Georg W. Steller, a naturalist who was among the first Europeans to see one. In 1768 the animal became ex 78
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?People learn things better from those at their own level—such as fellow students or co-workers—than from those at a higher level, such as teachers or supervisors.Use specific reasons and examples t 73
- One of the threats to endangered sea turtle species is the use of nets by commercial shrimp-fishing boats. When turtles get accidentally caught in the nets, they cannot rise to the surface of the ocean to breathe, and they die. Some people suggest that th 73
- Ethanol fuel as a replacement for gasoline and its consequences 60
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 88, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ain in the Moon and Mars but presence of human on the Venus is impossible due to ...
^^
Line 1, column 134, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...n on the Venus is impossible due to the authors opinion. He states several challenges t...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 378, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
...air like balloons. According to him, if the the stations float in the air at about 50 k...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 378, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
...air like balloons. According to him, if the the stations float in the air at about 50 k...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 352, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'stations'' or 'station's'?
Suggestion: stations'; station's
...fessor agrees that even at the floating stations sunlight would be reflected to some ext...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, furthermore, however, if, second, so, third, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 52.0 30.3222958057 171% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1529.0 1373.03311258 111% => OK
No of words: 321.0 270.72406181 119% => OK
Chars per words: 4.76323987539 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.23278547379 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.45107402985 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 158.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.492211838006 0.540411800872 91% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 464.4 419.366225166 111% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 26.0 21.2450331126 122% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 59.3794296593 49.2860985944 120% => OK
Chars per sentence: 127.416666667 110.228320801 116% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.75 21.698381199 123% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.66666666667 7.06452816374 94% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.24800491065 0.272083759551 91% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0919334171316 0.0996497079465 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0977955139379 0.0662205650399 148% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.144793694705 0.162205337803 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0876583431296 0.0443174109184 198% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.4 13.3589403974 108% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 62.01 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.62 12.2367328918 87% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.17 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 66.0 63.6247240618 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 10.498013245 118% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.