Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible.
First, atmospheric pressure at Venus’ surface is at least 90 times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface. This means that a force of 100 kilograms is pressing down on every square centimeter of surface. All spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. Almost anything humans might land on Venus would be crushed as well.
Second, as far as we know, there are no reservoirs of water on Venus’ surface, and the planet’s atmosphere, made up mostly of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfuric acid, contains hardly any oxygen or water vapor. Water and oxygen would therefore probably have to be supplied to Venus from Earth. The idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical in the extreme and would probably defeat the purpose of establishing a permanent station on Venus.
Third, very little sunlight reaches the planet’s surface. About 60 percent of the sunlight that hits Venus is reflected back into space by the thick clouds that fill the atmosphere, which means that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through the clouds. Below these clouds is a dense layer of carbon dioxide, which blocks even more light, so very little light reaches the surface. The lack of light would prevent the use of solar power cells, so humans could not get electricity to power their machines and equipment.
The reading states that Venus is not suitable for human living and provides three reasons of support.
However, the lecturer is challenged the claims made by the author. He explains that it would certainly possible to live in Venus and refutes each of the author's claims.
First of all, the reading states that venus surface at least 90 times higher pressure than the pressure at Earth surface and as a result, almost anything human landed on venus have been crused as well, that's why people could not survive Venus. This specific argument is challenged by the lecturer. He says that the hight of the surface and the pressure is exponential related, though the surface of Venus has greater pressure but above 50 meters from the surface has sustain normalpressure. Furthermore, The lecturer says that abover 50 meter build a flaoding station like balon would possible to landing and people could survive.
Secondly, the author argues that Venus has no water and atmosphere consist of carbon dioxide,
nitrogen and sulfuric acid rather than oxygen or water vapor. thus, without water could not survive and to supply water from Earth to Venus is completely impractical thinking. The lecturer, however, rebuts this claim that by the use of chemical compound with carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid in Venus's atmosphere would be possible to turn water, thus no needed to supply water from Earth.
Finally, the article posits that humans in Venus could not operate their equipment because Venus atmosphere filled by thick cloud and below this cloud consists of dense carbon dioxide as a result, sunlight blocked and can not reach in Venus surface. In contrast, the lecturer's position is that
above 50 meters the surface of the atmosphere is thin and sunlight can get through is surface easily. thus this way people would use of solar power and survive.
- In any situation, progress requires discussion among people who have contrasting points of view. 73
- In any situation, progress requires discussion among people who have contrasting points of view. 73
- In any situation, progress requires discussion among people who have contrasting points of view. 70
- As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but more complex and mysterious. 62
- Jane Austen (1775-1817) is one of the most famous of all English novelists, and today her novels are more popular than ever, with several recently adapted as Hollywood movies. But we do not have many records of what she looked like. For a long time, the o 73
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 203, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: that's
...nded on venus have been crused as well, thats why people could not survive Venus. Thi...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 468, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Use past participle here: 'sustained'.
Suggestion: sustained
...ut above 50 meters from the surface has sustain normalpressure. Furthermore, The lectur...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 538, Rule ID: CD_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun 'meter' seems to be countable, so consider using: 'meters'.
Suggestion: meters
...rmore, The lecturer says that abover 50 meter build a flaoding station like balon wou...
^^^^^
Line 13, column 63, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Thus
...acid rather than oxygen or water vapor. thus, without water could not survive and to...
^^^^
Line 13, column 352, Rule ID: NOW[1]
Message: Did you mean 'now' (=at this moment) instead of 'no' (negation)?
Suggestion: now
...e would be possible to turn water, thus no needed to supply water from Earth. ...
^^
Line 19, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Above
...trast, the lecturers position is that above 50 meters the surface of the atmosphere...
^^^^^
Line 19, column 103, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Thus
...ight can get through is surface easily. thus this way people would use of solar powe...
^^^^
Line 19, column 103, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: thus,
...ight can get through is surface easily. thus this way people would use of solar powe...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, second, secondly, so, thus, well, at least, in contrast, as a result, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 15.0 7.30242825607 205% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 17.0 22.412803532 76% => OK
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1560.0 1373.03311258 114% => OK
No of words: 307.0 270.72406181 113% => OK
Chars per words: 5.08143322476 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.18585898806 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.37247171834 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 159.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.517915309446 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 473.4 419.366225166 113% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 21.2450331126 108% => OK
Sentence length SD: 64.5979830048 49.2860985944 131% => OK
Chars per sentence: 120.0 110.228320801 109% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.6153846154 21.698381199 109% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.92307692308 7.06452816374 140% => OK
Paragraphs: 7.0 4.09492273731 171% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 8.0 4.19205298013 191% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.14784385062 0.272083759551 54% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0533562433878 0.0996497079465 54% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0379129591804 0.0662205650399 57% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0734981901142 0.162205337803 45% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0120152358805 0.0443174109184 27% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.3 13.3589403974 107% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 53.8541721854 105% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.48 12.2367328918 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.79 8.42419426049 104% => OK
difficult_words: 78.0 63.6247240618 123% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 10.498013245 107% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum four paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 81.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.