Reading
The zebra mussel, a freshwater shellfish native to Eastern Europe, has long been spreading out from its original habitats and has now reached parts of North America. There are reasons to believe that this invasion cannot be stopped and that it poses a serious threat to freshwater fish populations in all of North America.
First, the history of the zebra mussels spread suggests that the invasion might be unstoppable. It is a prime example of an invasion made possible by human transportation. From the zebra mussel，s original habitats in Eastern Europe, ships helped spread it out along new canals built to connect Europe’s waterways. The mussel can attach itself to a ship’ s bottom or can survive in the water—called "ballast water"—that the ship needs to take on to properly balance its cargo. By the early nineteenth century, the mussel had spread to the whole of Europe. It was later carried to the east coast of North America in the ballast water of ships traveling from Europe. The way ships have spread the zebra mussel in the past strongly suggests that the species will soon colonize all of North America.
Moreover, once zebra mussels are carried to a new habitat, they can dominate it. They are a hardy species that does well under a variety of conditions, and they have a high rate of reproduction. Most important, however, zebra mussels often have no predators in their new habitats, and species without natural predators are likely to dominate their habitats.
Finally, zebra mussels are likely to cause a decline in the overall fish population in habitats where they become dominant. The mussels are plankton eaters, which means that they compete for food with many freshwater fish species.
Question
Summarize the point made in the lecture, being sure to explain how the cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.
The reading claims that there is no way to prevent zebra mussels from spreading out which could be taken for granted as a vital threat to fish population of fresh water in all of North America. However, the lecturer finds all the ideas dubious and provides some evidences to repudiate them all.
The reading states that according to the background of zebra mussels in spreading, there is always a way which makes their distribution inevitable. In contrast, the speaker casts doubt on this claim by stating that it can be controlled if some solutions are considered. If people could not stop such a distribution, it was because of their lack of sufficient knowledge. But, things have changed now. A very tangible instance could be their spreading by means of human transportation which occurs mostly by ships. Some parts of these ships are filled with the water of their initial place and it will release this water when it arrives at the destination. if these ships are required to empty their water and fill their containers with the ocean water, the salinity could kill them all.
Furthermore, the reading passage argues that these species are very strong and can tolerate different variations of their habitats so that they will dominate anywhere they go. On the other hand, the lecturer brings up the fact that this kind of shellfish does not have any predator only in the initial period of its life in the new habitat. As time elapses, there could be found some animals or birds feeding on them. For example, the local aquatic birds would switch their meals to zebra mussels when they notice that there are a myriad of them available. Therefore, they are not likely to increase after all.
The reading asserts that the overall population of fish will decline in the area which is taken into account as new habitat by zebra mussels. Conversely, the professor dismisses the opinion pointing the fact that although they might start feeding on some types of fish, the other types are still safe from them. To demonstrate, the population of bottom eating fish will keep its pace of breeding and is not prone to be threatened; however, the fish which eat planktons are considered by zebra mussels as one of the main elements of meals in their eating schedule.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
The reading claims that there is no way ...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...some evidences to repudiate them all. The reading states that according to the...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 661, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...ter when it arrives at the destination. if these ships are required to empty their...
^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...er, the salinity could kill them all. Furthermore, the reading passage argues ...
^^^^
Line 5, column 536, Rule ID: THERE_RE_MANY[3]
Message: Possible agreement error. Did you mean 'myriads'?
Suggestion: myriads
...ssels when they notice that there are a myriad of them available. Therefore, they are ...
^^^^^^
Line 7, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...are not likely to increase after all. The reading asserts that the overall pop...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, conversely, furthermore, however, if, so, still, therefore, after all, for example, in contrast, kind of, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 18.0 10.4613686534 172% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 5.04856512141 257% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 16.0 12.0772626932 132% => OK
Pronoun: 40.0 22.412803532 178% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 51.0 30.3222958057 168% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1877.0 1373.03311258 137% => OK
No of words: 388.0 270.72406181 143% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.83762886598 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.43821085614 4.04702891845 110% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.47286259642 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 202.0 145.348785872 139% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.520618556701 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 574.2 419.366225166 137% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 14.0 8.23620309051 170% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 51.5463979524 49.2860985944 105% => OK
Chars per sentence: 110.411764706 110.228320801 100% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.8235294118 21.698381199 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.52941176471 7.06452816374 107% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.146265115345 0.272083759551 54% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0460182343087 0.0996497079465 46% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0405227919824 0.0662205650399 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.092727103539 0.162205337803 57% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0215876842252 0.0443174109184 49% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.8 13.3589403974 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 57.61 53.8541721854 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.09 12.2367328918 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.31 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 88.0 63.6247240618 138% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 83.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.