An underwater strage noise called "quackers" was reported by Russian submarines from 1960 to 1980. The article presents some theories on possible source of that odd sounds. But the professor refutes those theories with some experts' opinion about that phenomenon.
One theory about the sound is that, the bizarre noise was made by Orca whales. The professor thinks that, it is very unlikely that Orca whale was the source of that sound. She mentions that Orca whale lives near the surface of water, while submarines generally stay under deep water. Therefore, it is not possible for the submarines to detect sound generated by the Orca whales from deep down of the ocean.
Another theroy is about giant squids, which live deep in the ocean and can not be detected by sonar. Though not much is known about this species, according to the article, it is possible that giant squids might have ability to produce that kind of sound. However, the professor points out the fact that, giant squid are living in that place from long ago and continues to live today. But those sound was reported only for two decades. So, according to her, this theory can not explain the reason why that sound was reported only at that time.
Lastly, the article presents a theory that suggests the possible existance of another submarines nearby which might make that sound unintentionally. In the lecture, the professor opposes that theory mentioning that, the source of sound was very fast and changed direction quickly. She also says that, current technology is not advanced enough to build a submarine, which is that much fast and does not make any engine noise.
- A huge marine mammal known as Steller’s sea cow once lived in the waters around Bering Island off the coast of Siberia. It was described in 1741 by Georg W. Steller, a naturalist who was among the first Europeans to see one. In 1768 the animal became ex 76
- TPO 31 A fossil skeleton of a dinosaur called Sinosauropteryx, preserved in volcanic ash, was discovered in Liaoning, China, in 1996. Interestingly, the fossil included a pattern of fine lines surrounding the skeletal bones. Some paleontologists interpret 80
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? For the successful development of a country, it is more important for a government to spend money on the education of very young children (five to ten years old) than to spend money on universities. U 80
- TPO35 In 1912 a bookseller named Wilfrid M. Voynich acquired a beautifully illustrated handwritten book (manuscript) written on vellum (vellum is a material that was used for writing before the introduction of paper). The "Voynich manuscript," as it becam 80
- TPO-32 - Integrated Writing Task 71
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 235, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'experts'' or 'expert's'?
Suggestion: experts'; expert's
...fessor refutes those theories with some experts opinion about that phenomenon. One t...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, however, lastly, so, therefore, while, kind of
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 10.4613686534 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 22.0 12.0772626932 182% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 22.412803532 129% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1388.0 1373.03311258 101% => OK
No of words: 278.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 4.9928057554 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.08329915638 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.4805438246 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 145.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.521582733813 0.540411800872 97% => OK
syllable_count: 421.2 419.366225166 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 28.4531583875 49.2860985944 58% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 92.5333333333 110.228320801 84% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.5333333333 21.698381199 85% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.8 7.06452816374 54% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 11.0 4.27373068433 257% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.337093465643 0.272083759551 124% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.11769326674 0.0996497079465 118% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0580948100711 0.0662205650399 88% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.198523318446 0.162205337803 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0376861887635 0.0443174109184 85% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.3 13.3589403974 85% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.66 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.6 8.42419426049 90% => OK
difficult_words: 54.0 63.6247240618 85% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 71.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.