Altruism is a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that of another animal or group of animals. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness; individuals performing altruistic acts gain nothing for themselves. Examples of altruism abound, both among humans and among other mammals. Unselfish acts among humans range from the sharing of food with strangers to the donation of body organs to family members, and even to strangers. Such acts are altruistic in that they benefit another, yet provide little reward to the one performing the act.
In fact, many species of animals appear willing to sacrifice food, or even their life, to assist other members of their group. The meerkat, which is a mammal that dwells in burrows in grassland areas of Africa, is often cited as an example. In groups of meerkats, an individual acts as a sentinel, standing guard and looking out for predators while the others hunt for food or eat food they have obtained. If the sentinel meerkat sees a predator such as a hawk approaching the group, it gives an alarm cry alerting the other meerkats to run and seek shelter. By standing guard, the sentinel meerkat gains nothing - it goes without food while the others eat, and it places itself in grave danger. After it issues an alarm, it has to flee alone, which might make it more at risk to a predator, since animals in groups are often able to work together to fend off a predator. So the altruistic sentinel behavior helps ensure the survival of other members of the meerkat’s group.
Passage talks about the altruistic behavior on the other hand lecture show that the behavior shown by animal or any human in certain circumstances are not altruistic behavior.
Passage gives two examples to describe the altruistic behavior. First one is about the Meerkats who guard to the other while they eat. For that, they have to sacrifice food or even their life. But, the lecture says that the Meerkats do not stand guard with the empty stomach, they usually eat food before they stand guard. Often they stand too much closer to the burrows so that they can get easily escaped from the prey. While sometimes they give call to the fellow Meerkat about the presence of the prey, but it gives prey the location to the other Meerkat, which can get the other Meerkats into the danger.
Lecture talks about another example about a human who offers his kidney to the another stranger or his relative, according to the passage which is very selfless act. But the lecture says that the man gets some nonmaterialistic reward in return, something in the form of the appreciation, Which cannot be called as an altruistic behavior.
In the conclusion, we can say that sometimes the human or animal behavior can be selfless acts, but in the difficult situations, they think first of themselves.
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| 2017-01-10 | bikram | 81 | view |
| 2018-10-29 | pooriab | 73 | view |
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| 2018-04-15 | Soltani Ali | 76 | view |
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, if, so, while, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 5.0 10.4613686534 48% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalization wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1078.0 1373.03311258 79% => OK
No of words: 221.0 270.72406181 82% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.8778280543 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.85565412703 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48742872306 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 119.0 145.348785872 82% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.538461538462 0.540411800872 100% => OK
syllable_count: 327.6 419.366225166 78% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Interrogative: 0.0 0.116997792494 0% => OK
Article: 1.0 8.23620309051 12% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 48.4360403006 49.2860985944 98% => OK
Chars per sentence: 107.8 110.228320801 98% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.1 21.698381199 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.4 7.06452816374 62% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.129985502107 0.272083759551 48% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0598991525494 0.0996497079465 60% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0486061926271 0.0662205650399 73% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0951665546289 0.162205337803 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0354936310086 0.0443174109184 80% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.6 13.3589403974 94% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 57.61 53.8541721854 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.02 12.2367328918 90% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.59 8.42419426049 90% => OK
difficult_words: 40.0 63.6247240618 63% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.