The following appeared in an article written by Dr. Karp, an anthropologist.
"Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia and concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. However, my recent interviews with children living in the group of islands that includes Tertia show that these children spend much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. This research of mine proves that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture is invalid and thus that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid as well. The interview-centered method that my team of graduate students is currently using in Tertia will establish a much more accurate understanding of child-rearing traditions there and in other island cultures."
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
The author claims that interview-centered method is more accurate than observation-centered based one because its success in a group of islands including Tertia. However, the author should provide some information to justify his argument.
First, it is mentioned in the article that the author's recent interviews show that children in these islands spend more time talking about their parents. Therefore, it is more likely that they are reared by their biological parents. Nevertheless, the author doesn't offer any information about how many people were involved in the interviews and how the interviews were conducted. For example, it might be possible that there are only ten children being asked while there are almost one hundred kids in this group of islands. Thus, the conclusion made by the author might not be representative of the whole region due to the paucity of data. Even if the author really interviewed enough children, it is still probable that Tertia is not analogous to the other islands in the group. For example, adults in Tertia need to hunt so the children are raised by the elders in the village while the adults in other islands don't need to. As a result, the information he got from kids in those islands might be misleading to make the conclusion of how children are raised in Tertia.
Second, the author states that because the kids talk more about their parents, they can't be raised by the entire village. Yet, there is no evidence showing that kids won't talk about their biological parents if they are mainly reared by others. For example, many children in Taiwan are raised by their grandparents before entering elementary schools because both their parents need to work and have no time taking care of them. They can only meet their parents on weekend or holidays. However, they still talk about their parents a lot, including asking about when their parents would come to see them or whether their grandparents can take them to meet their parents.
Also, the author says that the interview-centered method is more accurate for understanding child-rearing traditions in any island cultures. However, the author doesn't provide any evidence that all island cultures in the world are not different from each other too much. Thus, the method can obtain results with same qualities. For example, it is reasonable that people on different islands might not share the same language so in some places, the researchers might find it difficult to communicate with their residents. As a result, there might be some misapprehension, leading the interviews to result in false conclusions.
To conclude, the author argues that the children in Tertia are mainly reared by their biological parents and that his interview-centered method is better than Dr. Field's observation-centered one. Nevertheless, the author should provide more evidence to substantiate his claim.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 6 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 5 2
No. of Sentences: 22 15
No. of Words: 473 350
No. of Characters: 2374 1500
No. of Different Words: 197 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.664 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.019 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.877 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 173 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 113 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 68 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 45 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 21.5 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 6.907 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.864 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.333 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.527 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.122 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 259, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...gical parents. Nevertheless, the author doesnt offer any information about how many pe...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 915, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...llage while the adults in other islands dont need to. As a result, the information h...
^^^^
Line 5, column 85, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...ids talk more about their parents, they cant be raised by the entire village. Yet, t...
^^^^
Line 5, column 669, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ts can take them to meet their parents. Also, the author says that the interview...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 162, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...ny island cultures. However, the author doesnt provide any evidence that all island cu...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, first, however, if, nevertheless, really, second, so, still, therefore, thus, while, for example, talking about, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 26.0 19.6327345309 132% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 15.0 12.9520958084 116% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 11.1786427146 45% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 14.0 13.6137724551 103% => OK
Pronoun: 48.0 28.8173652695 167% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 56.0 55.5748502994 101% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 16.3942115768 55% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2429.0 2260.96107784 107% => OK
No of words: 469.0 441.139720559 106% => OK
Chars per words: 5.17910447761 5.12650576532 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.65364457471 4.56307096286 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.937929563 2.78398813304 106% => OK
Unique words: 204.0 204.123752495 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.434968017058 0.468620217663 93% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 744.3 705.55239521 105% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.76447105788 137% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 4.22255489022 24% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 22.0 19.7664670659 111% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 22.8473053892 92% => OK
Sentence length SD: 40.6011643362 57.8364921388 70% => OK
Chars per sentence: 110.409090909 119.503703932 92% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.3181818182 23.324526521 91% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.90909090909 5.70786347227 104% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 8.20758483034 49% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 6.88822355289 58% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 14.0 4.67664670659 299% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.111534178158 0.218282227539 51% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0393420863149 0.0743258471296 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0415370805437 0.0701772020484 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0785502785845 0.128457276422 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0491490341129 0.0628817314937 78% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.6 14.3799401198 95% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 48.3550499002 104% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.76 12.5979740519 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.57 8.32208582834 91% => OK
difficult_words: 86.0 98.500998004 87% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 12.3882235529 69% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.1389221557 93% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.