"No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and
experience to that field of study."
I strongly agree with the assertion that significant advances in knowledge require expertise
from various fields. The world around us presents a seamless web of physical and
anthropogenic forces, which interact in ways that can be understood only in the context of a
variety of disciplines. Two examples that aptly illustrate this point involve the fields of cultural
anthropology and astronomy.
Consider how a cultural anthropologist's knowledge about an ancient civilization is
enhanced not only by the expertise of the archeologist--who unearths the evidence--but
ultimately by the expertise of biochemists, geologists, linguists, and even astronomers. By
analyzing the hair, nails, blood and bones of mummified bodies, biochemists and forensic
scientists can determine the life expectancy, general well-being, and common causes of death
of the population. These experts can also ensure the proper preservation of evidence found at
the archeological site. A geologist can help identify the source and age of the materials used
for tools, weapons, and structures--thereby enabling the anthropologist to extrapolate about
the civilization's economy, trades and work habits, life styles, extent of travel and mobility, and
so forth. Linguists are needed to interpret hieroglyphics and extrapolate from found fragments
of writings. And an astronomer can help explain the layout of an ancient city as well as the
design, structure and position of monuments, tombs, and temples--since ancients often looked
to the stars for guidance in building cities and structures.
An even more striking example of how expertise in diverse fields is needed to advance
knowledge involves the area of astronomy and space exploration. Significant advancements in
our knowledge of the solar system and the universe require increasingly keen tools for
observation and measurement. Telescope technology and the measurement of celestial
distances, masses, volumes, and so forth, are the domain of astrophysicists.
These advances also require increasingly sophisticated means of exploration. Manned and
unmanned exploratory probes are designed by mechanical, electrical, and computer
engineers. And to build and enable these technologies requires the acumen and savvy of
business leaders, managers, and politicians. Even diplomats might play a role--insofar as
major space projects require intemafional cooperative efforts among the world's scientists and
governments. And ultimately it is our philosophers whose expertise helps provide meaning to
what we learn about our universe.
In sum, no area of intellectual inquiry operates in a vacuum. Because the sciences are
inextricably related, to advance our knowledge in any one area we must understand the
interplay among them all. Moreover, it is our non-scientists who make possible the science,and who bring meaning to what we learn from it.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-07-03 | zanzendegi | 83 | view |
| 2023-01-21 | carlossouza | 66 | view |
| 2022-07-30 | yyh123 | 83 | view |
| 2021-08-07 | rachnabehl43 | 66 | view |
| 2021-03-07 | Kay_1998 | 83 | view |
- College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than the courses that seem most likely to lead jobs 73
- No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study 66
- Much of the information that people assume is factual actually turns out to be inaccurate Thus any piece of information referred to as a fact should be mistrusted since it may well be proven false in the future 66
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 94, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
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... advances in knowledge require expertise from various fields. The world around us...
^^^
Line 3, column 81, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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... presents a seamless web of physical and anthropogenic forces, which interact in ...
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Line 4, column 93, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...n be understood only in the context of a variety of disciplines. Two examples tha...
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...his point involve the fields of cultural anthropology and astronomy. Consider ...
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Line 7, column 26, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'anthropologists'' or 'anthropologist's'?
Suggestion: anthropologists'; anthropologist's
...d astronomy. Consider how a cultural anthropologists knowledge about an ancient civilization...
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Line 7, column 84, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...owledge about an ancient civilization is enhanced not only by the expertise of th...
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Line 8, column 87, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...eologist--who unearths the evidence--but ultimately by the expertise of biochemis...
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Line 9, column 92, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...sts, linguists, and even astronomers. By analyzing the hair, nails, blood and bon...
^^^
Line 10, column 89, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...mmified bodies, biochemists and forensic scientists can determine the life expect...
^^^
Line 11, column 93, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...l well-being, and common causes of death of the population. These experts can als...
^^^
Line 12, column 94, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...proper preservation of evidence found at the archeological site. A geologist can ...
^^^
Line 13, column 95, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...the source and age of the materials used for tools, weapons, and structures--ther...
^^^
Line 14, column 93, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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... the anthropologist to extrapolate about the civilizations economy, trades and wo...
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Line 15, column 5, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'civilizations'' or 'civilization's'?
Suggestion: civilizations'; civilization's
...thropologist to extrapolate about the civilizations economy, trades and work habits, life s...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 15, column 99, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...yles, extent of travel and mobility, and so forth. Linguists are needed to interp...
^^^
Line 16, column 95, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...ics and extrapolate from found fragments of writings. And an astronomer can help ...
^^^
Line 17, column 93, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...layout of an ancient city as well as the design, structure and position of monume...
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Line 18, column 93, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...and temples--since ancients often looked to the stars for guidance in building ci...
^^^
Line 20, column 87, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...e in diverse fields is needed to advance knowledge involves the area of astronomy...
^^^
Line 21, column 92, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...exploration. Significant advancements in our knowledge of the solar system and th...
^^^
Line 22, column 87, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
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...erse require increasingly keen tools for observation and measurement. Telescope t...
^^^
Line 23, column 83, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...hnology and the measurement of celestial distances, masses, volumes, and so forth...
^^^
Line 25, column 89, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...ticated means of exploration. Manned and unmanned exploratory probes are designed...
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Line 26, column 81, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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... by mechanical, electrical, and computer engineers. And to build and enable these...
^^^
Line 27, column 87, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
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...ologies requires the acumen and savvy of business leaders, managers, and politici...
^^^
Line 28, column 90, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
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... diplomats might play a role--insofar as major space projects require intemafiona...
^^^
Line 29, column 94, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
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... efforts among the worlds scientists and governments. And ultimately it is our ph...
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Line 30, column 92, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
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...whose expertise helps provide meaning to what we learn about our universe. In ...
^^^
Line 32, column 88, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...es in a vacuum. Because the sciences are inextricably related, to advance our kno...
^^^
Line 33, column 86, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
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...e in any one area we must understand the interplay among them all. Moreover, it i...
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Line 34, column 91, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
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Suggestion: , and
...scientists who make possible the science,and who bring meaning to what we learn from...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, if, look, moreover, so, well, as well as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 19.5258426966 51% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 12.4196629213 56% => OK
Conjunction : 31.0 14.8657303371 209% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 8.0 11.3162921348 71% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 21.0 33.0505617978 64% => OK
Preposition: 56.0 58.6224719101 96% => OK
Nominalization: 16.0 12.9106741573 124% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2508.0 2235.4752809 112% => OK
No of words: 424.0 442.535393258 96% => OK
Chars per words: 5.91509433962 5.05705443957 117% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.53775939005 4.55969084622 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.42213323908 2.79657885939 122% => OK
Unique words: 250.0 215.323595506 116% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.589622641509 0.4932671777 120% => OK
syllable_count: 775.8 704.065955056 110% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.8 1.59117977528 113% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 6.24550561798 80% => OK
Article: 5.0 4.99550561798 100% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 3.10617977528 32% => OK
Conjunction: 12.0 1.77640449438 676% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 7.0 4.38483146067 160% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 20.2370786517 99% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 23.0359550562 91% => OK
Sentence length SD: 58.2991423608 60.3974514979 97% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.4 118.986275619 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.2 23.4991977007 90% => OK
Discourse Markers: 2.55 5.21951772744 49% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 33.0 4.97078651685 664% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 31.0 7.80617977528 397% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 10.2758426966 88% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 5.13820224719 39% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.83258426966 186% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.139934571441 0.243740707755 57% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0385828386297 0.0831039109588 46% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0396381046217 0.0758088955206 52% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0283814718659 0.150359130593 19% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0407282762564 0.0667264976115 61% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 17.1 14.1392134831 121% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 33.24 48.8420337079 68% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 7.92365168539 141% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.8 12.1743820225 113% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 17.06 12.1639044944 140% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 10.49 8.38706741573 125% => OK
difficult_words: 156.0 100.480337079 155% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 12.5 11.8971910112 105% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.2143820225 93% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.7820224719 93% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum six paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.