The passage and the lecture discuss whether the ships found in Iraq are ancient batteries or not. The author of the reading passage gives three reasons for claiming that these molds could not be ancient batteries. However, the lecturer believes none of the reasons could strongly refute the possibility that these vessels were used as a batter.
The author argues that electrical conductors such as metal wires have not been found near these batteries. The lecturer argues against this reason and believes that the vessels were found by local people who were not trained, archaeologists. Moreover, they may have found metal wires uninteresting and thrown them away. As a result, this claim does not have strong support to be acceptable.
Furthermore, the reading passage holds the view that copper cylinders inside the jars are similar to the copper cylinders discovered in Seleucia, where they were used as holding scrolls of sacred text. Therefore, these jars are holding scrolls as well. Nevertheless, the lecturer illustrates that even if the first use of these vessels was like holding scrolls, it is possible that someone eventually found that the vessel could make electricity when it is filled with liquid and ironed by iron. Therefore, it is possible that these masonry jars were ancient batteries.
Finally, the reading asserts that batteries were useless to the ancient people. The lecturer opposes this point by explaining that ancient people could use these batteries as invisible magic power sources. Furthermore, they could use these batteries for medical uses. Therefore, these batteries could be very useful for the ancient people.
- TPO-40 - Integrated Writing Task Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would 70
- TPO-49 - Integrated Writing Task Like many creatures, humpback whales migrate long distances for feeding and mating purposes. How animals manage to migrate long distances is often puzzling. In the case of humpback whales, we may have found the answer: the 65
- TPO-41 - Integrated Writing Task Burning coal in power plants produces a waste product called coal ash, a material that contains small amounts of potentially harmful chemicals Environmentalists in the United States are concerned about the damage such harm 80
- TPO-43 - Integrated Writing Task Agnostids were a group of marine animals that became extinct about 450 million years ago. Agnostid fossils can be found in rocks in many areas around the world. From the fossil remains, we know that agnostids were primitiv 81
- TPO-29 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? To improve the quality of education, universities should spend money on salaries university professors. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 85
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, furthermore, however, if, may, moreover, nevertheless, so, therefore, well, such as, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 17.0 10.4613686534 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 30.0 22.412803532 134% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 17.0 30.3222958057 56% => More preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 0.0 5.01324503311 0% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1396.0 1373.03311258 102% => OK
No of words: 262.0 270.72406181 97% => OK
Chars per words: 5.32824427481 5.08290768461 105% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.02323427807 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54508899696 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 131.0 145.348785872 90% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.5 0.540411800872 93% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 428.4 419.366225166 102% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 51.4022913454 49.2860985944 104% => OK
Chars per sentence: 93.0666666667 110.228320801 84% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.4666666667 21.698381199 80% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.46666666667 7.06452816374 106% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.409441218099 0.272083759551 150% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.142743015466 0.0996497079465 143% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.065373377447 0.0662205650399 99% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.247363106738 0.162205337803 152% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0909356327688 0.0443174109184 205% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.4 13.3589403974 93% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.34 12.2367328918 109% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.98 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 58.0 63.6247240618 91% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.