The following appeared in an article written by Dr. Karp, an anthropologist.
"Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia and concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. However, my recent interviews with children living in the group of islands that includes Tertia show that these children spend much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. This research of mine proves that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture is invalid and thus that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid as well. The interview-centered method that my team of graduate students is currently using in Tertia will establish a much more accurate understanding of child-rearing traditions there and in other island cultures."
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
First of all, the time someone spends talking about other people does not necessarily mean that those people are crucial in their education. For example, many sociological studies establish that teachers are a bigger influence for the education of children than their parents. However, psychological studies have stated that children tend to speak more about their parents than about other people. In this sense, it would be needed to search for studies about this topic that apply to this particular case. If these were found, the conclusion reached by Dr. Field would be plausible.
Secondly, the number of children interviewed by Dr. Karp in Tertia is not mentioned. For example, he could have only made an interview to two children from the island, and, in this case, the conclusion reached could not be extended to all the offspring there. More specific evidence about the interviews made and their applicability would be necessary to reach the final conclusion in a justified way.
Thirdly, the questions made in the interview are not mentioned. To exemplify the effect that this may have had in the conclusion reached, it is possible that some of the questions had been ‘When were you born?’, or ‘Who wakes you up every morning?’, which can be certainly related to actions in which their parents may be more involved than other people in the village. Consequently, if this kind of questions have been made, the amount of time they had spent talking about their parents would not have been a matter of their importance, but related to the natural way of replying them. More accurate information about the questions involved is, hence, needed.
Finally, to conclude from a particular case that the interview-centered method is a better approach than the observation-centered one is a fallacy, as a particular case cannot be used to attain a general conclusion without further evidence. To explain this, it is plausible that the method based in observation is more adequate for other studies, such as ones related to music or art, as arbitrary examples. This would mean that, although the interview-centered method could be better for this particular case, the claim that it is more accurate than the observation-centered one may be false. To establish this, more studies using both methods should be made, in order to establish which is more accurate in each case.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
samples:
https://www.testbig.com/story/gre-argument-essay-topic-21-outline
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 16 15
No. of Words: 391 350
No. of Characters: 1926 1500
No. of Different Words: 173 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.447 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.926 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.869 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 125 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 101 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 67 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 45 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 24.438 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 11.489 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.812 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.344 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.552 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.135 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 159, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: some
...conclusion reached, it is possible that some of the questions had been 'When were you ...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, finally, first, hence, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly, for example, kind of, such as, talking about, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 27.0 19.6327345309 138% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 11.1786427146 36% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 38.0 28.8173652695 132% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 48.0 55.5748502994 86% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 16.3942115768 61% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2010.0 2260.96107784 89% => OK
No of words: 391.0 441.139720559 89% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.14066496164 5.12650576532 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.44676510885 4.56307096286 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.99901977475 2.78398813304 108% => OK
Unique words: 184.0 204.123752495 90% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.470588235294 0.468620217663 100% => OK
syllable_count: 623.7 705.55239521 88% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.76447105788 80% => OK
Subordination: 6.0 2.70958083832 221% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 7.0 4.22255489022 166% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 19.7664670659 81% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 67.1334666448 57.8364921388 116% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.625 119.503703932 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.4375 23.324526521 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.75 5.70786347227 171% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 5.15768463074 78% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 1.0 5.25449101796 19% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 0.0 6.88822355289 0% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.67664670659 150% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0699982280622 0.218282227539 32% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.033409215247 0.0743258471296 45% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.054725362195 0.0701772020484 78% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0539521205004 0.128457276422 42% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0493412174703 0.0628817314937 78% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.0 14.3799401198 104% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 47.12 48.3550499002 97% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 12.197005988 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.83 12.5979740519 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.06 8.32208582834 97% => OK
difficult_words: 80.0 98.500998004 81% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 12.3882235529 69% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.