In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States. Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to North America by European explorers known as the Norse, who traveled across the Atlantic Ocean and came into contact with Native Americans almost a thousand years ago.
However, some archaeologists believe that the coin is not a genuine piece of historical evidence but a historical fake: they think that the coin was placed at the site recently by someone who wanted to mislead the public. There are three main reasons why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine historical evidence.
Great Distance from Norse Settlements
First, the Native American site in Maine where the coin was discovered is located very far from other sites documenting a Norse presence in North America. Remains of Norse settlements have been discovered in far eastern Canada. The distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements.
No Other Coins Found
A second problem is that no other coins have been found at the Canadian sites that were inhabited by the Norse. This suggests that the Norse did not bring any silver coins with them to their North American settlements.
No Use for European Coins
Third, the Norse who traveled to North America would have understood that silver coins would most likely be useless to them. Silver coins may have been in wide use in Europe at the time, but the Norse, as experienced explorers, would have known that native North Americans did not recognize silver coins as money.
The reading passage states three theories about the coin that has been found in an archaeological site in North America, and states that it is not a real historical piece of evidence and had been puted there by a person recently. Whereas, the lecturer points out that these hypotheses are not right and the coin actually represent a genuine historical evidence came to there by Norse people.
Firstly, the auther insissts that the Native American site in Main is far from the place that Norse people have been inhabitet a 1000 years ago. The professor, however, argues that archaeologists found many other objects that belongs to Natives which they came from other far places to their sites. Also, he mentioned that the Natives may traveled to The North America and brought those coin with themselves to their habitats.
Secondly, the article says that there are no other coin found at that place. In contrast, the speaker reckons that the Norse people did not stay very long at one place so they did not bring lots of stuffs with themselves.
Lastly, the writer deems that there were no sense to bring something that had no value at the new place. On the contrary, the lectur refutes it by saying that maybe it had no value as money but definitly the Natie people valued atractive objects such as silver coins, also they may used it as trading object back then.
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| 2023-07-19 | Zmx_6 | 85 | view |
| 2023-06-29 | YasamanEsml | 80 | view |
| 2023-06-27 | Vivian Chang | 76 | view |
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| 2022-11-25 | nikki07hung | 85 | view |
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, first, firstly, however, lastly, may, second, secondly, so, then, whereas, in contrast, such as, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 22.412803532 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 25.0 30.3222958057 82% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1140.0 1373.03311258 83% => OK
No of words: 238.0 270.72406181 88% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.78991596639 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.92775363542 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.31234486518 2.5805825403 90% => OK
Unique words: 138.0 145.348785872 95% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.579831932773 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 349.2 419.366225166 83% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 26.0 21.2450331126 122% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 45.378517787 49.2860985944 92% => OK
Chars per sentence: 126.666666667 110.228320801 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.4444444444 21.698381199 122% => OK
Discourse Markers: 14.7777777778 7.06452816374 209% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.232333922779 0.272083759551 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0931306866332 0.0996497079465 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0636506243309 0.0662205650399 96% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.12768201874 0.162205337803 79% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0572579548039 0.0443174109184 129% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.4 13.3589403974 108% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.55 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.0289183223 112% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.8 12.2367328918 88% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.31 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 51.0 63.6247240618 80% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 10.7273730684 135% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 10.498013245 118% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.2008830022 134% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.