The following appeared in an article written by Dr. Karp, an anthropologist.
“Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia and concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. However, my recent interviews with children living in the group of Islands that includes Tertia show that these children spend much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. This research of mine proves that Dr. Field’s conclusion about Tertia village culture is invalid and thus that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid as well. The interview-centered method that my team of graduate students is currently using in Tertia will establish a much more accurate understanding of child –rearing traditions there and in other island cultures.”
Write a response to which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
The methodology as well as the size of the group upon which Dr. Field based his observation is not known. However, Dr. Karp mentioned observation-centered approach in contrast with interview-centered approach. One could assume that Dr. Field’s methodology was observation-centered approach which may not be the truth. It is possible that Dr. Field got to speak with some of the children in the community, may be two or three children during his visit. Also, there is tendency that the people in the Island were celebrating an annual festival as at the time of his visit. He might have mistaken the gathering of children eating together to be that of a community in which children were reared by a community. In fact, it could be that the children from which his observation was made belong to the same father with many wives. The context in which the observation was made need to be known.
Further, Dr. Karp asserted that children in the groups of Island including Tertia spend most of their time talking about their biological parents. It is glaring that the study by Dr. Karp didn’t cover just Island of Tertia. It is possible that none of the children in the island of Tertia were interviewed and a general assumption was made from the observation from small groups of children in other island. Also, we do not know the kind of questions asked while interviewing the children, it might be such question that centers on their biological parents and not on how they are being raised in the community. The size of the children interviewed to make such conclusion is not known as well.
Also, Dr. Karp carried out his experiment twenty years after Dr. Field’s observation. It is possible that the occupants of the Island, twenty years ago, are different in culture and some other areas from the current inhabitant of the Island. Peradventure, Dr. Karp considered the Island of Tertia for his research, the long age difference will likely make his observation not to be logically comparable with that of Dr. Field. And for his conclusion of rendering observation-centered approach invalid to be true, it will be wise to compare his experiment with a recent experiment that used observation-centered approach and all subjected to the same condition.
In conclusion, to ascertain Dr. Karp’s claim, there is need to subject the two methods to the same condition and preferably conducted at the same time. And if Dr. Karp and Dr. Fields’ experiments are to be compared at all, Dr. Karp should do well to understand the condition upon which Dr. fields observation was made and also ensure that the people of the Island of Tertia, as at the time of conducting his experiments have similar cultural beliefs.
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| 2023-09-01 | Sophy@ | 66 | view |
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| 2023-08-19 | Mayuresh08 | 64 | view |
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 459 350
No. of Characters: 2201 1500
No. of Different Words: 183 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.629 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.795 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.987 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 138 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 103 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 83 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 55 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 24.158 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.975 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.632 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.383 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.422 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.147 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 2 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 367, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: some
...ssible that Dr. Field got to speak with some of the children in the community, may be two o...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, however, if, may, so, well, while, in conclusion, in contrast, in fact, kind of, talking about, as well as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 30.0 19.6327345309 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 11.0 12.9520958084 85% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 11.1786427146 89% => OK
Relative clauses : 19.0 13.6137724551 140% => OK
Pronoun: 36.0 28.8173652695 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 71.0 55.5748502994 128% => OK
Nominalization: 20.0 16.3942115768 122% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2257.0 2260.96107784 100% => OK
No of words: 458.0 441.139720559 104% => OK
Chars per words: 4.92794759825 5.12650576532 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.62611441266 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.05528738288 2.78398813304 110% => OK
Unique words: 194.0 204.123752495 95% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.423580786026 0.468620217663 90% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 677.7 705.55239521 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 4.96107784431 181% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.76447105788 46% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 57.5695171725 57.8364921388 100% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.789473684 119.503703932 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.1052631579 23.324526521 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.89473684211 5.70786347227 103% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 5.15768463074 78% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 1.0 5.25449101796 19% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 8.20758483034 49% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 6.88822355289 44% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 12.0 4.67664670659 257% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.325764695335 0.218282227539 149% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.119153272036 0.0743258471296 160% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0665545889741 0.0701772020484 95% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.212774777561 0.128457276422 166% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0211930876133 0.0628817314937 34% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.8 14.3799401198 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 48.3550499002 115% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.61 12.5979740519 92% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.65 8.32208582834 92% => OK
difficult_words: 82.0 98.500998004 83% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 12.3882235529 69% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.