The following appeared in a memorandum from the general manager of KNOW radio station.
"Several factors indicate that radio station KNOW should shift its programming from rock-and-roll music to a continuous news format. Consider, for example, that the number of people in our listening area over fifty years of age has increased dramatically, while our total number of listeners has declined. Also, music stores in our area report decreased sales of recorded music. Finally, continuous news stations in neighboring cities have been very successful. The switch from rock-and-roll music to 24-hour news will attract older listeners and secure KNOW radio's future."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The KNOW radio station is looking into the decision to switch their programming from rock-and-roll music to continuous news format. The reasons for the potential changes included an increased number of the population in their area being over fifty years old, decreases in sales of recorded music in their area and neighboring cities having successful continuous new sations. There are a couple of assumptions that this argument depends on for validility and accuracy.
The first assumption of this argument is that older listeners are more likely to listen to a continuous new program compared to rock-and-roll music. The argument depends on this assumption. The reason for the argument to depend on this assumption since the radio station is looking to attract and keep the older people since the percentage of older people listening has gone up in the area while total number of listeners has decreased. If this assumption where proven false, then the argument would fall apart since the evidence given would not support the argument anymore. If older people did not prefer to listen to a station with continuous news, then the radio station should not change its programming to continuous news.
The next assumption of this argument is that the increases in older people has lead to the decrease in sales of recorded music. This key to the argument since the radio station is looking to go away from musical programming. If this assumption was true, then the argument would be buttressed by this correlation. However, if the decrease in sales of music in the area was not associated with an increase in older people, then the argument would suffer since it would not give a good reason for the radio station to switch to a news format. The decrease in sales of recorded music could be a result of many things such as decreases in income in the area or lack of quality music during a given time period.
The final assumption in this argument is that the current listening area have similiar preferences as the towns neighbooring do. This key since the author cites the popularility of continuous news programs on the radio in the neighboring towns. This would help the argument since it would give the programmers places to compare to if they chose to change their programming. This would given them clarity on the numbers of listeners that they could expect to have. However, if the neighboring towns were not similiar to the current listening area, then the argument would lose this point of their argument. This would create uncertianity for the radio programmers since they would have nowhere to look at the effect of having a continuous news radio station in their area.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 451 350
No. of Characters: 2197 1500
No. of Different Words: 167 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.608 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.871 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.596 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 144 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 107 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 78 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 49 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 23.737 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.419 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.526 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.384 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.538 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.106 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 1, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
The KNOW radio station is looking into the decis...
^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 191, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...he argument depends on this assumption. The reason for the argument to depend on th...
^^^
Line 7, column 375, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...they chose to change their programming. This would given them clarity on the numbers...
^^^^
Line 7, column 386, Rule ID: PRP_PAST_PART[2]
Message: Did you mean 'have given' or 'give'?
Suggestion: have given; give
...to change their programming. This would given them clarity on the numbers of listener...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, if, look, so, then, while, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 19.6327345309 71% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 11.1786427146 54% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 6.0 13.6137724551 44% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 33.0 28.8173652695 115% => OK
Preposition: 75.0 55.5748502994 135% => OK
Nominalization: 31.0 16.3942115768 189% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2236.0 2260.96107784 99% => OK
No of words: 451.0 441.139720559 102% => OK
Chars per words: 4.9578713969 5.12650576532 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.60833598836 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.63898336755 2.78398813304 95% => OK
Unique words: 175.0 204.123752495 86% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.388026607539 0.468620217663 83% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 686.7 705.55239521 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 2.70958083832 185% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 4.22255489022 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 51.9671748089 57.8364921388 90% => OK
Chars per sentence: 117.684210526 119.503703932 98% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.7368421053 23.324526521 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 2.89473684211 5.70786347227 51% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 5.15768463074 78% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 4.0 5.25449101796 76% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 6.88822355289 145% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.201548283404 0.218282227539 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0894876773697 0.0743258471296 120% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.117915068079 0.0701772020484 168% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.158410961722 0.128457276422 123% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0597753238707 0.0628817314937 95% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.8 14.3799401198 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 48.3550499002 117% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 12.197005988 91% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.78 12.5979740519 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.33 8.32208582834 88% => OK
difficult_words: 73.0 98.500998004 74% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 12.3882235529 85% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.