The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The author concludes that a business can flourish if it hires workers who require less than six hours of sleep. To buttress his/her argument, the author presents a study of advertising firms showing that firms whos executives reported lesser sleeping hours than 6 hours per night were having higher profit margins and faster growth. The author is potentially correct, but he should provide three pieces of information to assess the validity of the argument.
First of all, the author assumes that the 300 male and female are representative of the executives of all businesses. It is possible that the selected executives were not scientifically selected. Perhaps, they were selected as per the convenience of the individual carrying out the study. If this is the case then the assumption of author that 300 male and female of the study are representative is questioned.
Secondly, the author assumes that hours of sleep per night is directly related to the profit margins and growth. It is possible that higher profit margins and faster are not the function of lesser hours of sleep rather the higher efficiency of workers. It is also possible that workers who sleep less hours work for higher number of hours. If this is the case than the authors assumption that the profit margins and growth are sole function of less number of sleeping hours is seriously undermined.
Thirdly, the author assumes that all the business are similar in terms of their working condition and direction of work. It is possible that different business have different working conditions. A established business may not require its employees to work as many hours as a growing business is asking to do. If this is the case then argument doe not hold water.
In conclusion, the author might be correct in his statement that for a business to prosper it should hire people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night, however, the author should provide sufficient information for the validity of this argument. If the author fails to provide sufficient information than the persuasiveness of the argument is dramatically undermined.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.5 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 10 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 1 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 351 350
No. of Characters: 1729 1500
No. of Different Words: 138 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.328 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.926 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.701 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 132 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 94 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 66 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 35 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 20.647 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.153 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.706 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.371 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.371 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.153 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 1 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 211, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: who's
...of advertising firms showing that firms whos executives reported lesser sleeping hou...
^^^^
Line 2, column 332, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... this is the case then the assumption of author that 300 male and female of the s...
^^
Line 3, column 297, Rule ID: LESS_DOLLARSMINUTESHOURS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer hours'?
Suggestion: fewer hours
...is also possible that workers who sleep less hours work for higher number of hours. If thi...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 297, Rule ID: FEWER_LESS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer'? The noun hours is countable.
Suggestion: fewer
...is also possible that workers who sleep less hours work for higher number of hours. ...
^^^^
Line 3, column 370, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
... of hours. If this is the case than the authors assumption that the profit margins and ...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 196, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'An' instead of 'A' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: An
...ness have different working conditions. A established business may not require it...
^
Line 4, column 310, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... as a growing business is asking to do. If this is the case then argument doe not ...
^^
Line 5, column 255, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...tion for the validity of this argument. If the author fails to provide sufficient ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, then, third, thirdly, in conclusion, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 22.0 19.6327345309 112% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 12.9520958084 54% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 28.8173652695 101% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 55.5748502994 59% => More preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 16.0 16.3942115768 98% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1769.0 2260.96107784 78% => OK
No of words: 350.0 441.139720559 79% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.05428571429 5.12650576532 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.32530772707 4.56307096286 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.77019707543 2.78398813304 100% => OK
Unique words: 144.0 204.123752495 71% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.411428571429 0.468620217663 88% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 538.2 705.55239521 76% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 22.8473053892 88% => OK
Sentence length SD: 48.3814142587 57.8364921388 84% => OK
Chars per sentence: 104.058823529 119.503703932 87% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.5882352941 23.324526521 88% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.29411764706 5.70786347227 110% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 8.0 5.25449101796 152% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.202865066525 0.218282227539 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0727473583959 0.0743258471296 98% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0510691188756 0.0701772020484 73% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.118608363343 0.128457276422 92% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0448137734126 0.0628817314937 71% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.7 14.3799401198 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 48.3550499002 123% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 12.197005988 81% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.01 12.5979740519 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.7 8.32208582834 93% => OK
difficult_words: 68.0 98.500998004 69% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 12.0 12.3882235529 97% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 11.1389221557 90% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.9071856287 84% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.