The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The author suggests that a business which wants to have faster growth should only hire people who require less than 6 hours of sleep. However, the claim relies on several critical assumptions that need to be addressed.
First, it is mentioned in the article that the study shows an association between the amount of sleep and the success of the executives' firms. The author assumes that the result is worth trusting. However, there is no information about how the research was conducted. There could be several flaws in the survey that leads to a misleading conclusion. For example, the survey might only use the record that support its argument to indicate that the less an executive sleeps, the more his firm could earn.
Second, the author says that those firms which have executives that sleep less than 6 hours had higher profit margins and faster growth. The assumption is that all companies in the comparisons are analogous to each other. Yet, it is reasonable that there are some differences among those firms. For example, the companies that experienced faster growth are making computer components. Due to the rapid growth of technology, the demand of these components are growing, leading higher profit margins. Also, the executives need to sleep less in order to keep track of the producing process. On the other hand, those firms that earned less are making snacks. Since the demand for snacks is limited, those executives don't have to work for such a long period and the companies don't earn many money.
The author also states that the firm should only hire people sleep less than 6 hours to improve its profits. It is assumed that the same association between the amount of sleep and the success on the firm can be observed in all positions not limited to the executives. Nevertheless, the works of each position is completely different. For example, those employees who do the assembling jobs might need more sleep since the works they need to do is pretty laborious. If the company only hire assembling workers that sleep less than 6 hours, most of them could fell tired and make a lot of mistakes. As a result, the company would earn less due to the inefficient producing process.
To conclude, the author claims that the company should only hire people that sleep less than 6 hours to increase its profits. However, there are some assumptions that need to be addressed to substantiate the argument.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 9 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 23 15
No. of Words: 413 350
No. of Characters: 1961 1500
No. of Different Words: 180 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.508 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.748 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.417 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 130 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 87 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 55 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 41 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 17.957 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 6.252 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.609 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.303 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.486 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.057 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 713, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...for snacks is limited, those executives dont have to work for such a long period and...
^^^^
Line 5, column 772, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...or such a long period and the companies dont earn many money. The author also ...
^^^^
Line 5, column 782, Rule ID: MANY_FEW_UNCOUNTABLE[2]
Message: Use 'much' or 'little' with uncountable nouns.
Suggestion: much; little
...long period and the companies dont earn many money. The author also states tha...
^^^^
Line 5, column 782, Rule ID: MANY_NN_U[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun money seems to be uncountable; consider using: 'much money', 'a good deal of money'.
Suggestion: much money; a good deal of money
...long period and the companies dont earn many money. The author also states that the ...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 794, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...and the companies dont earn many money. The author also states that the firm sho...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, first, however, if, nevertheless, second, so, for example, as a result, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 20.0 19.6327345309 102% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 15.0 12.9520958084 116% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 11.1786427146 45% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 23.0 13.6137724551 169% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 28.8173652695 118% => OK
Preposition: 41.0 55.5748502994 74% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 16.3942115768 43% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2019.0 2260.96107784 89% => OK
No of words: 411.0 441.139720559 93% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.91240875912 5.12650576532 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.50256981431 4.56307096286 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.51391307339 2.78398813304 90% => OK
Unique words: 185.0 204.123752495 91% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.450121654501 0.468620217663 96% => OK
syllable_count: 602.1 705.55239521 85% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 4.96107784431 121% => OK
Article: 14.0 8.76447105788 160% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 23.0 19.7664670659 116% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 22.8473053892 74% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 30.8424865925 57.8364921388 53% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 87.7826086957 119.503703932 73% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.8695652174 23.324526521 77% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.13043478261 5.70786347227 72% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 12.0 8.20758483034 146% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.67664670659 107% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.153749520748 0.218282227539 70% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0466808381019 0.0743258471296 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0778697489993 0.0701772020484 111% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0966812148481 0.128457276422 75% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0476944314691 0.0628817314937 76% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.6 14.3799401198 74% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 48.3550499002 130% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 12.197005988 71% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.9 12.5979740519 87% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.48 8.32208582834 90% => OK
difficult_words: 78.0 98.500998004 79% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 12.3882235529 52% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.8 11.1389221557 79% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.