The following is part of a memorandum from the president of Humana University.
"Last year the number of students who enrolled in online degree programs offered by nearby Omni University increased by 50 percent. During the same year, Omni showed a significant decrease from prior years in expenditures for dormitory and classroom space, most likely because instruction in the online programs takes place via the Internet. In contrast, over the past three years, enrollment at Humana University has failed to grow, and the cost of maintaining buildings has increased along with our budget deficit. To address these problems, Humana University will begin immediately to create and actively promote online degree programs like those at Omni. We predict that instituting these online degree programs will help Humana both increase its total enrollment and solve its budget problems."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
The president of Humana University in the memorandum concluded that the Humana University should follow the nearby Omni University and start online classes of their own, with an expectation to increase the enrollment, and diminish operating costs. The author based the conclusion on three unwarranted assumptions enlisted below, which if true, might hold water. However, as it stands now, the assumptions seem very bleak, and can not support the plausibility of the conclusion.
First of all, the author based the conclusion on a major assumption that 50 percent rise of enrollment in Omni University is a significant figure. Maybe, in terms of number, the quantity is very less. For instance, the rise of students could be from 2 to 3, which is also equivalent to percentage increment of 50 percent. So, unless the exact numbers of student in Omni University is mentioned, the assumption seems unwarranted and critically hampers the validity of the conclusion.
Moreover, the author assumes that the reduction in operating costs of Omni University last year was based on a sole factor of online class. This however, could be the collective outcome of various factors like scientific management, cautious expenditure, reduced faculty members, etc., which can not be determined unless the detail data of expenditure is analyzed. Also, the initial execution of online classes can incurr come cost on the University, which the author seems to neglect. So, this assumption also highly diminish the validity of the conclusion made by the author in memorandum.
Finally, the author seems to assume that the online classes will maintain the quality and will not affect overall learning process of students. What if the Humana University has more technical subjects in comparison to Omni University? In that case, it can create a big problem in terms of learning experience because the online method of learning might prove unsufficient for the students to grasp complete information of course materials. Thus, without the exact idea of types of courses and willingness of students, the assumption made by the author to draw the conclusion seems rather bleak, and falls short to support the validity.
To conclude, the author seems to have made a rather hasty and premature conclusion that the online classes might come good for Humana University too, alike Omni University. However, due to unsufficient pieces of evidence and enough credibility in the above mentioned assumptions, the conclusion can not be validated for its plausibility.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 3 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 4 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 402 350
No. of Characters: 2076 1500
No. of Different Words: 190 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.478 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.164 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.823 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 159 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 120 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 89 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 65 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 23.647 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 7.071 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.824 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.36 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.566 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.046 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 336, Rule ID: IF_IS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'is'?
Suggestion: is
...anted assumptions enlisted below, which if true, might hold water. However, as it ...
^^
Line 2, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...t the plausibility of the conclusion. First of all, the author based the concl...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...mpers the validity of the conclusion. Moreover, the author assumes that the re...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ion made by the author in memorandum. Finally, the author seems to assume that...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 307, Rule ID: AFFORD_VB[1]
Message: This verb is used with the infinitive: 'to experience'
Suggestion: to experience
...eate a big problem in terms of learning experience because the online method of learning m...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...d falls short to support the validity. To conclude, the author seems to have ma...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, however, if, may, moreover, so, thus, for instance, of course, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 19.6327345309 51% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 12.9520958084 100% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 11.1786427146 81% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 13.6137724551 73% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 12.0 28.8173652695 42% => OK
Preposition: 58.0 55.5748502994 104% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 16.3942115768 91% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2136.0 2260.96107784 94% => OK
No of words: 402.0 441.139720559 91% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.31343283582 5.12650576532 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.47771567384 4.56307096286 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.90244679897 2.78398813304 104% => OK
Unique words: 199.0 204.123752495 97% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.495024875622 0.468620217663 106% => OK
syllable_count: 682.2 705.55239521 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 13.0 8.76447105788 148% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 48.5141152363 57.8364921388 84% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.647058824 119.503703932 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.6470588235 23.324526521 101% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.70588235294 5.70786347227 100% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 5.25449101796 114% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 8.20758483034 85% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 6.88822355289 58% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.262278870331 0.218282227539 120% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0880762229759 0.0743258471296 119% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0989596995094 0.0701772020484 141% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.153436480847 0.128457276422 119% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0685599278897 0.0628817314937 109% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.4 14.3799401198 107% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 39.67 48.3550499002 82% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 7.1628742515 156% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.4 12.197005988 110% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.81 12.5979740519 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.98 8.32208582834 108% => OK
difficult_words: 107.0 98.500998004 109% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 15.0 12.3882235529 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.9071856287 126% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.