"Traffic here in Waymarsh is becoming a problem. Although just three years ago a state traffic survey showed that the typical driving commuter took 20 minutes to get to work, the commute now takes closer to 40 minutes, according to the survey just completed. Members of the town council already have suggested more road building to address the problem, but as well as being expensive, the new construction will surely disrupt some of our residential neighborhoods. It would be better to follow the example of the nearby city of Garville. Last year Garville implemented a policy that rewards people who share rides to work, giving them coupons for free gas. Pollution levels in Garville have dropped since the policy was implemented, and people from Garville tell me that commuting times have fallen considerably. There is no reason why a policy like Garville's shouldn't work equally well in Waymarsh."
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
The letter written to the editor of the Waymarsh Times makes an argument that a traffic policy similar to that implemented in Garville last year should be introduced to alleviate the traffic jam. This argument, however, rests upon certain additional unstated assumptions, which, should they prove unfounded, and upon lack of evidence, which, should it not be robust enough or proffered, may altogether critically weaken the final conclusion. Therefore, this argument must be comprehensively assayed before any clear-cut decision on the basis of the cited suggestions in the letter is ever made.
First and foremost, the validity of the survey recently completed pertinent to the traffic Waymarsh should receive certain amount of doubtfulness. That is, a want of more specific information about the survey, such as the number of respondents surveyed or the contingencies when the survey was conducted, can potentially invalidate the argument made by the editor in the letter. For example, the editor assumes that a change of commute time from twenty minutes to forty minutes is equivalent to a traffic problem. However, such assertion fails to inform readers of the other variables that might color the increase in commute time. To wit, the traffic state in today’s Waymarsh might differ from that in Waymarsh three years ago. For instance, the Waymarsh city itself may have exponentially expanded to an extent that the denizens find themselves spending more time commuting. It might be plausible that the work offices and the manufacturing factories that used to occupy the hub of the city have been re-located to the outskirts of the city, a condition that might feed into the increased commute time. Without such evidence to corroborate the claim made in the letter, it appears rather injudicious and cursory to make the case that Waymarsh has a traffic issue.
The second piece of evidence that needs to be in order lies in the comparability of the financial state in both Waymarsh and Garville. To be more specific, the faulty analogy is blatantly relevant here. Granted, the policy that financially rewards those who engage in carpooling has been hailed a resounding success in Garville, one attendant result of which, according to the residents in Garville, is that the commuting time has been reported to have fallen dramatically due to the coupons for free gas given. However, we don’t know if Waymarsh is financially robust to administer coupons for free gas. Providing free gas might be financially taxing and onerous to Waymarsh’s economy. Therefore, there would be no discrimination between implementing carpooling or rebuilding the roads, as suggested by the town council, in that either of them would sap the Waymarsh’s economic robustness. Another exemplar is that roads in Waymarsh might be narrow, replete with holes and cracks, with poor infrastructure and broken sign posts whereas Garville witnesses a perfect road condition. More pieces of evidence are found wanting. Information such as demographics of the two cities, the geographical contours of the two cities, and the like, should be proffered for apt comparison and for the expected results to transpire in Waymarsh.
The last fallacy underlying the editor of the Waymarsh Times lies in the un-specificity of the indicated waning pollution level in Garville. The editor clearly fails to pinpoint what kind of pollution that is found to be decreasing. It could be the case that the decreased pollution stems from a controlled water pollution. Such would subvert the claim made in the letter since a lessening of water pollution would have little, if not none, coloration on the air pollution or any traffic-related problem. The causal relation here therefore becomes pretty flimsy and attenuated. Only by conspicuously pointing out what kind of pollution is at issue will the author’s argument become strengthened.
At first blush, the argument, which suggests a sanguine solution to the traffic problem in Waymarsh, made by the editor of the Waymarsh Times seems ostensibly rational; however, upon closer scrutiny, we can readily pinpoint several pieces of evidence that are missing or that are left un-wrestled with in order to make his argument more valid. The author could fortify his argument by providing more relevant details regarding the today’s and the past’s traffic and city conditions in Waymarsh. Besides, the author’s argument could benefit from delving into a thorough discussion of Garville’s carpooling policy and from discussing whether such policy could equally generate salubrious effects in Waymarsh. Last, the author should concretize the observed decreased pollution in Garville since the wording of ‘pollution’ itself is quite ambiguous before the main claim about adopting a similar policy like Garville’s is put forth.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
argument 1 -- OK
argument 2 -- OK
argument 3 -- suppose it is air pollution, then how to argue?
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flaws:
No. of Words: 764 350
//the argument 1, 2 and conclusion are too long. 400-500 words are enough.
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 12 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 13 2
No. of Sentences: 30 15
No. of Words: 764 350
No. of Characters: 3979 1500
No. of Different Words: 354 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 5.257 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.208 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.803 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 313 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 246 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 178 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 107 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 25.467 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 11.162 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.633 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.278 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.401 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.102 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Transition Words or Phrases used:
besides, first, however, if, may, regarding, second, so, then, therefore, whereas, for example, for instance, in addition, kind of, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 30.0 19.6327345309 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 26.0 12.9520958084 201% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 19.0 11.1786427146 170% => OK
Relative clauses : 24.0 13.6137724551 176% => OK
Pronoun: 36.0 28.8173652695 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 111.0 55.5748502994 200% => OK
Nominalization: 32.0 16.3942115768 195% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 4129.0 2260.96107784 183% => OK
No of words: 763.0 441.139720559 173% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.41153342071 5.12650576532 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 5.25570686339 4.56307096286 115% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.03713248583 2.78398813304 109% => OK
Unique words: 366.0 204.123752495 179% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.479685452163 0.468620217663 102% => OK
syllable_count: 1283.4 705.55239521 182% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 4.96107784431 181% => OK
Article: 18.0 8.76447105788 205% => Less articles wanted as sentence beginning.
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 8.0 4.22255489022 189% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 30.0 19.7664670659 152% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 22.8473053892 109% => OK
Sentence length SD: 69.9397836237 57.8364921388 121% => OK
Chars per sentence: 137.633333333 119.503703932 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.4333333333 23.324526521 109% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.63333333333 5.70786347227 81% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 16.0 6.88822355289 232% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.67664670659 107% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.173084502908 0.218282227539 79% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0495201709242 0.0743258471296 67% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0455265783903 0.0701772020484 65% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0949218112886 0.128457276422 74% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0643950002462 0.0628817314937 102% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.8 14.3799401198 117% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 37.64 48.3550499002 78% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 14.2 12.197005988 116% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.39 12.5979740519 114% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.41 8.32208582834 113% => OK
difficult_words: 219.0 98.500998004 222% => Less difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 12.3882235529 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 11.1389221557 108% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.9071856287 126% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 30 minutes.
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.