Many countries require cigarette smokers to pay particularly high taxes on their purchases of cigarettes; similar taxes are being considered for unhealthy foods. The policy of imposing high taxes on cigarettes and other unhealthy products has a number of social benefits.
First of all, the taxes discourage people from indulging in unhealthy behaviors. Raising taxes on cigarettes, for instance, leads people to buy fewer of them. Smoking has declined as taxes on tobacco have risen, showing that these taxes do work to make society healthier. It can be expected that imposing similar taxes on unhealthy food and beverages would help reduce obesity rates.
Second, taxes of this kind are financially fair. When people get sick as a result of their smoking or eating unhealthy foods, they create medical costs. It is unfair that everyone in the society, including nonsmokers and people who follow a healthy diet, should contribute equally to covering these costs. Taxing people who engage in unhealthy behaviors creates extra income that can be used to cover the medical costs. In this way, some of the financial burden is shifted from all of society to just those who choose to participate in the unhealthy activities.
Finally, the high rate of taxation on cigarettes significantly increases revenue for the government. In addition to using this tax revenue on medical assistance, governments often use the revenue for other projects that benefit public welfare, such as building stadiums or creating public parks. Even basic government-supported services like public education benefit from these taxes. Thus, the taxes on cigarettes, and the proposed taxes on unhealthy foods, benefit everyone.
The passage provides information regarding the advantages of increasing the taxes on unhealthy foods and drinks, as well as cigarettes. Professor presents points which contradict with the points mentioned in the article. These contradictions will be elaborated in the following paragraphs.
Firstly, according to the article, raising taxes would make people to avoid using cigarettes and unhealthy foods, or at least diminish their usage. However, the lecturer says that this policy might work upside. For instance, in the case of cigarettes, when the prices increase, the users have to purchase less expensive ones, which obviously hurt their health even more.
Secondly, as it is stated by the author, these high taxes are fair, since the unhealthy activities will cause some medical costs for all society. On the contrary, based on the information from listening, it could be considered as an unfair strategy, because of not taking into account the people's income. As an example, a low-income person would be damaged more than a rich one, who can afford high expenditures of smoking cigarettes.
Last but not least, the author of reading notes that the economical benefits of imposing high taxes could help government to perform other social projects, like constructing sport facilities. The lecturer, however, argues that this brings government a vast amount of money. As a result, governments will be dependent of that income, which eventually leads to an immense problem, meaning the reluctancy of government to introduce legislations in order to decline those improper unhealthy behaviours, like limitations on smoking in public places.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-01-26 | jewel | 80 | view |
| 2019-12-16 | jeffhjz | 90 | view |
| 2019-12-05 | lynn19971020 | 76 | view |
| 2019-12-03 | Alireza.ghasemi | 73 | view |
| 2019-11-29 | shrjhn1234 | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 9, column 290, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'peoples'' or 'people's'?
Suggestion: peoples'; people's
... because of not taking into account the peoples income. As an example, a low-income per...
^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 58, Rule ID: ECONOMICAL_ECONOMIC[1]
Message: Did you mean 'economic' (=connected with economy)?
Suggestion: economic
...t, the author of reading notes that the economical benefits of imposing high taxes could h...
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, firstly, however, regarding, second, secondly, so, well, at least, for instance, as a result, as well as, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 6.0 10.4613686534 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 13.0 22.412803532 58% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1407.0 1373.03311258 102% => OK
No of words: 255.0 270.72406181 94% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.51764705882 5.08290768461 109% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.99608801488 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.87155239353 2.5805825403 111% => OK
Unique words: 170.0 145.348785872 117% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.666666666667 0.540411800872 123% => OK
syllable_count: 432.0 419.366225166 103% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 7.0 1.25165562914 559% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 7.0 2.5761589404 272% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 56.3280939378 49.2860985944 114% => OK
Chars per sentence: 117.25 110.228320801 106% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.25 21.698381199 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 11.0833333333 7.06452816374 157% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.284307954967 0.272083759551 104% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0833156740596 0.0996497079465 84% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0694841593353 0.0662205650399 105% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.151578857923 0.162205337803 93% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0405232899605 0.0443174109184 91% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.2 13.3589403974 114% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 41.7 53.8541721854 77% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 11.0289183223 115% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.74 12.2367328918 120% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 10.07 8.42419426049 120% => OK
difficult_words: 87.0 63.6247240618 137% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 88.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 26.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.