Starting in the 1960s and continuing until the 1980s, sailors in Russian submarines patrolling the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean would occasionally hear strange sounds. These underwater noises reminded the submarine crews of frog croaks, so they called the sounds “quackers” (from the Russian word for frog sounds). The sources of the sound seemed to be moving with great speed and agility; however, the submarines’ sonar (a method of detecting objects underwater) was unable to detect any solid moving objects in the area. There are several theories about what might have caused the odd sounds.
In the lecture, the professor refutes the theory presented in the passage. These theories may appear to be plausible at first glance, but further examination suggests they are erroneous.
Primarily, the professor presents the fact that orca whales live near the surface of the ocean. And Submarine usually dive very deeply so that it cannot detect the calls of orca whales. This greatly contradicts to the hypothesise listed in the reading material.
Secondly, the lecturer disagrees with the theory that giant squid is responsible for the odd noise since they are difficult to detect by sonar. To corroborate her opinion, the professor says there is Russian submarine sonar detecting under the ocean since 1960. Besides, these submarines constantly report what they have detected. Hence there is no possibility that giant squid's sound is suddenly captured by the submarine where there is no relevant record before.
Last but not least, the odd sounds can move around and change direction. This extremely challenges the point in the passage because the submarine's engine can make a noise underwater. What's more, no state-of-art technology is available to make the submarine move so fast. Consequently, all these details suggest it is not the foreign submarine that is causing the sound.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 332, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Hence,
...stantly report what they have detected. Hence there is no possibility that giant squi...
^^^^^
Line 11, column 137, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'submarines'' or 'submarine's'?
Suggestion: submarines'; submarine's
...es the point in the passage because the submarines engine can make a noise underwater. Wha...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 11, column 184, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: What's
...nes engine can make a noise underwater. Whats more, no state-of-art technology is ava...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
besides, but, consequently, first, hence, if, may, second, secondly, so
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 6.0 12.0772626932 50% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 16.0 22.412803532 71% => OK
Preposition: 22.0 30.3222958057 73% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1094.0 1373.03311258 80% => OK
No of words: 205.0 270.72406181 76% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.33658536585 5.08290768461 105% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.78388967377 4.04702891845 93% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.69939072598 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 130.0 145.348785872 89% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.634146341463 0.540411800872 117% => OK
syllable_count: 343.8 419.366225166 82% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 22.8579353202 49.2860985944 46% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 84.1538461538 110.228320801 76% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.7692307692 21.698381199 73% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.46153846154 7.06452816374 77% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.189858359424 0.272083759551 70% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0634074460102 0.0996497079465 64% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0464756717318 0.0662205650399 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.100479398353 0.162205337803 62% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0401264997205 0.0443174109184 91% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.6 13.3589403974 87% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 47.79 53.8541721854 89% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.4 12.2367328918 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.0 8.42419426049 107% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.