Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.

Both the reading and the listening discuss animal self-awareness. The article states it starts from experiments. Animals look at mirrors and figure out themselves. However, the lecture casts doubt on specific points made in the reading passage. The professor says the results contain problems.

The first point the professor makes is that the mark test showed inconsistency of the results. She elaborates that just one chimpanzee touch the head while looking at the mirror. As an example she says the others touch the mark. This point casts doubt the point made in the reading. The latter states after a sleeping drug, the chimpanzees touched the market spots several times.

Furthermore, the professor points out they behavior differently after several tests. She explains they touched their faces with or not mirror. To illustrate, it was not possible to conclude anything with the use of drugs. This casts doubt the information from the reading. According to the passage, they touched the faces more with the mirror.

Finally, the lecture states they are self-groom. As the speaker has it, the increase of grooming is normal condition. For instance, the grooming happens when they are in social convivial. This point casts doubt the reading’s key point. According to the article, the chimpanzees recognize themselves through the mirror.