In recent years, many frog species around the world have declined in numbers or even gone extinct due to changes in their environment. These population declines and extinctions have serious consequences for the ecosystems in which frogs live; for example, frogs help play a role in protecting humans by eating disease-carrying insects. Several methods have been proposed to solve the problem of declining frog populations.
First, frogs are being harmed by pesticides, which are chemicals used to prevent insects from damaging farm crops such as corn and sugarcane. Pesticides often spread from farmland into neighboring frog habitats. Once pesticides enter a frog’s body, they attack the nervous system, leading to severe breathing problems. If laws prohibited the farmers from using harmful pesticides near sensitive frog populations, it would significantly reduce the harm pesticides cause to frogs.
A second major factor in frog population decline is a fungus that has spread around the world with deadly effect. The fungus causes thickening of the skin, and since frogs use their skin to absorb water, infected frogs die of dehydration. Recently, researchers have discovered several ways to treat or prevent infection, including antifungal medication and treatments that kill the fungus with heat. Those treatments, if applied on a large scale, would protect sensitive frog populations from infection.
Third, in a great many cases, frog populations are in decline simply because their natural habitats are threatened. Since most frog species lay their eggs in water, they are dependent on water and wetland habitats. Many such habitats are threatened by human activities, including excessive water use or the draining of wetlands to make them suitable for development. If key water habitats such as lakes and marshes were better protected from excessive water use and development, many frog species would recover.
The reading and the lecturer are about the declining frog population. The author claims that there are three methods might have chances to solve the problem, while the lecturer challenges all three methods the author mentioned.
First, the articles notes that enacting laws to prohibit the farms from using harming pesticides near frog population could reduce the harm pesticides cause to frogs. However, the lecturer opposes this idea by saying that it is not an economical way for framers who would not sacrifice their profits to loose the yields of crops. The limit to the pesticides would case disadvantages to framers who can not stay competitive in contrast to other cities's farmer due to its small amount yields.
Second, the reading argues that antifungal medication and treatment can prevent frogs from fungus infection which can protect them form dying. In contrast, the lecturer states that it is impossible to apply this treatment on a large scale because it is expensive and time consuming. This treatment could only apply on individual frogs and when they have offsprings, they need to apply the medication again.
Third, the author claims that frogs' habitats are threatened by human activities, such as excessive water use or the draining of wetlands to make them suitable for development.
On the other hand, the lecturer refutes this point by explaining that the real reasons of the missing habitats of frogs is global warming. As a result, prohibiting human activities to use wetlands is not likely to change global warming.
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| 2024-01-11 | sanddy | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 304, Rule ID: LOOSE_LOSE[3]
Message: Did you mean 'lose' (= miss, waste, suffer the loss etc.)?
Suggestion: lose
...ho would not sacrifice their profits to loose the yields of crops. The limit to the p...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, however, if, second, so, third, while, in contrast, such as, as a result, in contrast to, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1302.0 1373.03311258 95% => OK
No of words: 251.0 270.72406181 93% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.18725099602 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.98032404683 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59839159152 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 145.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.577689243028 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 389.7 419.366225166 93% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 30.5240726029 49.2860985944 62% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.363636364 110.228320801 107% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.8181818182 21.698381199 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.3636363636 7.06452816374 147% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.142637486453 0.272083759551 52% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.052996675525 0.0996497079465 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0370710076151 0.0662205650399 56% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0716681227224 0.162205337803 44% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0150173981609 0.0443174109184 34% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.4 13.3589403974 108% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 53.8541721854 91% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.12 12.2367328918 107% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.69 8.42419426049 103% => OK
difficult_words: 63.0 63.6247240618 99% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.