Hail—pieces of ice that form and fall from clouds instead of snow or rain—has always been a problem for farmers in some areas of the United States. Hail pellets can fall with great force and destroy crops in the field. Over the last few decades, a method of reducing hail, called "cloud seeding," has been tried. In cloud seeding, the chemical silver iodide is sprayed on storm clouds from an airplane. This makes the clouds produce harmless rain or snow instead of hail. Several pieces of evidence suggest that cloud seeding has been effective in protecting crops from hail.
Laboratory experiments
Experiments in the laboratory support the idea that cloud seeding is effective. Hail usually forms water vapor that is close to the freezing point However, when experimenters added silver iodide to cold water vapor in the laboratory, they often observed light snow forming instead of hail pellets.
Evidence from Asia
There is evidence about the effectiveness of cloud seeding from several countries around the world. In some Asian countries, for example, cloud seeding has been successfully used to control precipitation in urban areas. These positive results suggest that cloud seeding should also be effective in protecting fields and farms in the United States.
The reading the lecture are both about the cloud seeding in United States. The author of the passage feels that cloud seeding is efffective protection against hail and provides with different evidences for the same. The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author. He is of the opinion that these evidences are not convincing.
To begin with, the author argues that laboratory experiments done by adding silver iodide to cold water vapour prevent hail formation. The Article mentions that silver iodide prevents precipitation from clouds by sealing water. She further claims that this will lead to no rain, consequently, drought conditions will occur damaging crops for some other reason such as lack of water.
Secondly, the writer claims that cloud seeding provided positive results in controlling precipitation in urban areas and suggests to use cloud seeding in United states farms and fields as a protective shield. The speaker, however, rebuts this by mentioning that urban areas experience air pollution due to cars and industries. She elaborates on this that, silver iodide interarcting with pollution might have controlled precipitation, but such changes may not occur in unpolluted areas like farming fileds in United States.
Finally, the author professed a study conducted in central United States's farming region where cloud seeding reduced hail damage as compared earlier years. In contrast, the author rebuks this by stating that change has occured in whole region. She notes that natural change in local region's climate for particular year might be the resaon. She adds that cloud seeding has nothing to do with this.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
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| 2023-03-01 | zaid | 73 | view |
| 2023-03-01 | zaid | 76 | view |
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| 2022-09-17 | Ibne Arabi | 76 | view |
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- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement For the successful development of a country it is more important for a government to spend money on the education of very young children five to ten years old than to spend money on universities Use sp 80
- Hail pieces of ice that form and fall from clouds instead of snow or rain has always been a problem for farmers in some areas of the United States Hail pellets can fall with great force and destroy crops in the field Over the last few decades a method of 76
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 218, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...with different evidences for the same. The lecturer challenges the claims made by...
^^^
Line 1, column 252, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ame. The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author. He is of the opinion...
^^
Line 7, column 208, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
..., the author rebuks this by stating that change has occured in whole region. She ...
^^
Line 7, column 285, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'regions'' or 'region's'?
Suggestion: regions'; region's
... She notes that natural change in local regions climate for particular year might be th...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, finally, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, in contrast, such as, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 5.0 10.4613686534 48% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1390.0 1373.03311258 101% => OK
No of words: 259.0 270.72406181 96% => OK
Chars per words: 5.3667953668 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.01166760082 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.5817906632 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 156.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.602316602317 0.540411800872 111% => OK
syllable_count: 419.4 419.366225166 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 48.2855557901 49.2860985944 98% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.2857142857 110.228320801 90% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.5 21.698381199 85% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.35714285714 7.06452816374 104% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.159798026248 0.272083759551 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.054029415335 0.0996497079465 54% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0348401436067 0.0662205650399 53% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0979434809244 0.162205337803 60% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0061356206674 0.0443174109184 14% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.1 13.3589403974 98% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.87 12.2367328918 113% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.22 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 77.0 63.6247240618 121% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.