Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible.
First, atmospheric pressure at Venus’ surface is at least 90 times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface. This means that a force of 100 kilograms is pressing down on every square centimeter of surface. All spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. Almost anything humans might land on Venus would be crushed as well.
Second, as far as we know, there are no reservoirs of water on Venus’ surface, and the planet’s atmosphere, made up mostly of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfuric acid, contains hardly any oxygen or water vapor. Water and oxygen would therefore probably have to be supplied to Venus from Earth. The idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical in the extreme and would probably defeat the purpose of establishing a permanent station on Venus.
Third, very little sunlight reaches the planet’s surface. About 60 percent of the sunlight that hits Venus is reflected back into space by the thick clouds that fill the atmosphere, which means that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through the clouds. Below these clouds is a dense layer of carbon dioxide, which blocks even more light, so very little light reaches the surface. The lack of light would prevent the use of solar power cells, so humans could not get electricity to power their machines and equipment.
Both the reading and tbe lecture are talking about maintaining human presence on Venus, but the speaker with the perspective made in the reading material that it is possible for human to maintain a permanent presence, which disagrees with the standpoint in the reading that it is impossiable.
The reading first claims that atmoshperic pressure at Venus's surface is greater that that at Earth's surface. However, the professor objects it with a new proof. The professor says that human can live in a balloon floating above 50 kilometers above the Venus's surface where the pressure is suitable for humans.
Furthermore, the reading conceives that there are no water and oxygen on Venus's surface, which is impratical to ensure a supply from Earth. In contrary, the professor asserts that chemical processes can be used to produce water and oxygen, and the chemical material can can be absorbed from the atmosphere. There is no need to transfer water and oxygen from Earth.
Finally, the reading material proposes that because of the thick clouds, there is very little sunlight that can reach the plant's surface. And humans can not power the machines because of the absence of light. While the professor points that there is no thick clouds above 50 kilometers above the surface so it is easy to receive light from the Sun. In addition, reflacted sunlight can also be used to power the machines and equipment.
Therefore, the speaker departs totally from the opinion on the topics made in the reading.
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| 2023-07-14 | Zmx_6 | 80 | view |
| 2023-07-14 | Zmx_6 | 80 | view |
| 2023-06-25 | YasamanEsml | 65 | view |
| 2023-02-11 | reza_fattahi | 83 | view |
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 81, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: that
...c pressure at Venuss surface is greater that that at Earths surface. However, the profess...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 267, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: can
...r and oxygen, and the chemical material can can be absorbed from the atmosphere. There ...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, furthermore, however, so, therefore, while, in addition, talking about
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 15.0 22.412803532 67% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1262.0 1373.03311258 92% => OK
No of words: 250.0 270.72406181 92% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.048 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.97635364384 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54075264439 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 120.0 145.348785872 83% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.48 0.540411800872 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 390.6 419.366225166 93% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 62.4813305449 49.2860985944 127% => OK
Chars per sentence: 105.166666667 110.228320801 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.8333333333 21.698381199 96% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.08333333333 7.06452816374 114% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.125900400885 0.272083759551 46% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0391231579097 0.0996497079465 39% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.055597109683 0.0662205650399 84% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0669767656686 0.162205337803 41% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0707026404127 0.0443174109184 160% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.8 13.3589403974 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.01 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.23 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 81, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: that
...c pressure at Venuss surface is greater that that at Earths surface. However, the profess...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 267, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: can
...r and oxygen, and the chemical material can can be absorbed from the atmosphere. There ...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, furthermore, however, so, therefore, while, in addition, talking about
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 15.0 22.412803532 67% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1262.0 1373.03311258 92% => OK
No of words: 250.0 270.72406181 92% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.048 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.97635364384 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54075264439 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 120.0 145.348785872 83% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.48 0.540411800872 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 390.6 419.366225166 93% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 62.4813305449 49.2860985944 127% => OK
Chars per sentence: 105.166666667 110.228320801 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.8333333333 21.698381199 96% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.08333333333 7.06452816374 114% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.125900400885 0.272083759551 46% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0391231579097 0.0996497079465 39% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.055597109683 0.0662205650399 84% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0669767656686 0.162205337803 41% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0707026404127 0.0443174109184 160% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.8 13.3589403974 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.01 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.23 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.