t a sale at a private home in California several years ago, a man purchased a box of photographic negatives stored in envelopes (negatives are photographic images on film or glass from which actual photographs can be made). The negatives dated from the 1920s and showed landscape scenes of the western United States. While the negatives carried no indication of the name of the photographer who created them, some people have concluded that the negatives were in fact made by the landscape photographer Ansel Adams, one of the greatest American photographers of the twentieth century. Several arguments have been offered in support of this idea. First, the negatives include images of landscape features that Ansel Adams is known to have photographed. One of the negatives shows a large pine tree leaning downward on a cliff. The same distinctively shaped tree appears in another photograph that, without a doubt, was taken by Adams in the 1920s. Second, the envelopes holding the negatives are numbered and marked with handwritten place names. The handwriting on the envelopes seems to resemble the handwriting of Virginia Adams, Ansel Adams’ wife. Virginia Adams is known to have assisted her husband in his work, so those who believe that Ansel Adams created these negatives have concluded that she helped her husband organize these negatives by numbering them and recording the names of the places where the images were created. Third, a number of the negatives have been damaged by fire, it is well known that Ansel Adams’ photography studio had a fire that destroyed or damaged nearly a third of his negatives. The fact that some of the negatives bought at the sale have fire damage is consistent with the idea that they once belonged to Ansel Adams.
The reading lists out three explanations that the negatives were made by Ansel Adams, who were one of the most famous American photographers. However, the lecture points out none of them are convincing.
Firstly, the reading contents that the pine tree, which is included in the negatives, happen to appear in another photograph that was taken by Adams. On the contrary, the speaker argues that this pine tree is a landmark of a park, instead of random trees.
This tree attracted many people to come and took a photograph of it. In this way, the negatives might be taken by others.\
Secondly, the reading says that the handwritting, which were made to mark place names, is similar to the handwritting of Adam's wife, who assisted him on numbering and recording where these images were made. Nonetheless, the speakers points out there was on error in spell. But Adam's wife was very familiar with the name of this place, making it less possible to spell it uncorrectly. Consequently, this error in spell was probably made by his wife, illustrating the negatives were not made by Adams.
Thirdly, the reading lists out that the negatives were damaged by fire, which correspond to the fire happening in Adam's studio. To reject this explanation, the speaker argues that it usual to cause fire in many photographers' studios, given the fact that they apply one kind of chemical, which is likely to cause fire. In this way, the negatives may be damaged in another photographer's studio rather than Adam's.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 8, column 372, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'photographers'' or 'photographer's'?
Suggestion: photographers'; photographer's
...the negatives may be damaged in another photographers studio rather than Adams.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, first, firstly, however, if, may, nonetheless, second, secondly, third, thirdly, kind of, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 17.0 10.4613686534 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 40.0 30.3222958057 132% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1253.0 1373.03311258 91% => OK
No of words: 254.0 270.72406181 94% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.93307086614 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.99216450694 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.68211966316 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.523622047244 0.540411800872 97% => OK
syllable_count: 390.6 419.366225166 93% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 55.4095860138 49.2860985944 112% => OK
Chars per sentence: 104.416666667 110.228320801 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.1666666667 21.698381199 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.3333333333 7.06452816374 146% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.171101212855 0.272083759551 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0664968486362 0.0996497079465 67% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0551887723038 0.0662205650399 83% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0996469678103 0.162205337803 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0423777624787 0.0443174109184 96% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.4 13.3589403974 93% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 53.8541721854 109% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.31 12.2367328918 92% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.91 8.42419426049 94% => OK
difficult_words: 52.0 63.6247240618 82% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.